Regional Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Arctic Marine Ecosystems

Hollowed, Anne B.; Cheng, Wei; Loeng, Harald; Logerwell, Elizabeth; Reist, James D.

doi:10.1002/9781119154051.ch21

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…As climate change is expected to accelerate in the future, it is crucial to improve our understanding of sea ice-related ecosystem dynamics and functioning in their response to environmental changes in the Arctic (e.g. Hollowed et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfast sea ice-benthic coupling during spring and potential impacts of system changes on food web dynamics in Eclipse Sound, Canadian Arctic

Kohlbach¹,

Ferguson²,

Brown³

et al. 2019

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We investigated the role of sea ice-derived carbon in the food web of Eclipse Sound, Canadian Arctic during the spring ice-covered season to understand the potential ecological impact of changes to the sea-ice habitat. Chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations in the bottom of sea ice (438.2 ± 154.2 µg l −1 , 19.8 ± 6.6 mg m −2) were more than 2 orders of magnitude higher than in surface waters (0.9 ± 0.7 µg l −1). Fatty acid (FA) composition showed that algal communities in the bottom sea ice comprised higher abundances of diatoms compared to surface waters. Benthic invertebrates (ophiuroids, polychaetes) and sediments had high proportions of diatom-associated FAs in their lipid composition. H-Print estimates of the proportional contributions of sea icederived carbon to the carbon pool of the benthic community were substantial, ranging on average between 77 and 85%. High carbon stable isotope values (δ 13 C) in benthic invertebrates and sediments (δ 13 C: −19.6 to −11.6 ‰) further suggests that a large portion of the benthic carbon pool was of sea-ice origin, while surface waters were significantly lower (δ 13 C: −22.32 ± 2.17 ‰). In this ecosystem where landfast ice is present for most of the year, strong sea ice−benthic coupling emphasizes the dependency of the food web on ice productivity. As timing and magnitude of sea icederived carbon will change under alterations of climatic conditions and possibly with increased shipping activities in the study region, the adaptive capacity of sea ice-dependent species is anticipated to play a key role in determining future food webs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfast sea ice-benthic coupling during spring and potential impacts of system changes on food web dynamics in Eclipse Sound, Canadian Arctic

Kohlbach¹,

Ferguson²,

Brown³

et al. 2019

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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show abstract

“…Earlier studies have projected shifts in bio-climatic habitats of marine species, concluding that new species will colonize high-latitude ecosystems at an accelerated rate relative to other regions of the globe (see Cheung et al 2009;Hollowed et at. 2018).…”

Section: Effect Of Future Climate Change On Distribution Of Fish Stocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is ample evidence of the effects of climate variability on marine ecosystems in terms of, for instance, fish recruitment, fish growth and abundance and distribution of fish species associated with short-and long-term temperature changes. However, a better understanding of many aspects of the interaction between the atmosphere and the ocean, and between climate and the marine ecosystem, is needed to reduce the high levels of uncertainty associated with current predicted responses to climate change (Hollowed et al 2013a(Hollowed et al , 2103bHollowed and Sundby 2014;Hollowed et al 2018). Being able to predict ecosystem responses to future climate change in the Arctic is of great importance to scientists, managers and fishing communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Northern Seas: Climate and Biology

Stiansen¹,

Johansen²,

Sandø³

et al. 2022

Marine Resources, Climate Change and International Management Regimes

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The Effects of Wetland Degradation on Ecological Species

Nyandwi,

Ndikubwimana

2024

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Techno

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Wetlands are vital ecosystems that provide numerous ecological services, including flood control, water filtration, carbon sequestration, and habitat for diverse flora and fauna. However, human activities such as urbanization, agriculture, and infrastructure development have led to widespread wetland degradation worldwide. Wetland ecosystems diminished by 21-35% between 1700 and 2020 as a result of human interference, with at least 1.3 million square miles of wetlands lost globally—an area about the size of Alaska, Texas, California, Montana, New Mexico, and Arizona combined. This research used a documented methodology for extracting information from different books, conversations, conferences, and international organizations to understand the effects of wetland degradation on the decline of species and strategies for wetland conservation and restoration. This paper aims to elucidate the multifaceted effects of wetland degradation on ecological species. The results indicate that wetland degradation declines water quality, leading to alterations in water flow patterns, decreased groundwater recharge, and increased flooding downstream. This can result in the loss of biodiversity, as many species depend on specific water levels and habitats within wetlands. Moreover, the loss of wetlands diminishes their volume to store carbon, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and exacerbating climate change. Furthermore, wetland degradation compromises water quality by reducing the natural filtration and purification functions of wetlands. Contaminants from agricultural runoff, industrial discharge, and urban pollution accumulate in degraded wetlands, posing risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, the loss of wetlands exacerbates erosion and sedimentation, leading to habitat destruction and loss of coastal resilience against storms and sealevel rise. Addressing wetland degradation requires a multifaceted approach, including policy interventions, restoration efforts, and public awareness campaigns. Effective wetland conservation strategies involve the preservation of existing wetlands, restoration of degraded ones, and sustainable management practices to mitigate further degradation. Collaborative efforts between governments, NGOs, local communities, and stakeholders are essential to safeguarding these critical ecosystems and the invaluable services they provide to the environment and society.

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Regional Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Arctic Marine Ecosystems

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Landfast sea ice-benthic coupling during spring and potential impacts of system changes on food web dynamics in Eclipse Sound, Canadian Arctic

Landfast sea ice-benthic coupling during spring and potential impacts of system changes on food web dynamics in Eclipse Sound, Canadian Arctic

Northern Seas: Climate and Biology

The Effects of Wetland Degradation on Ecological Species

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