Regional Climate Changes in North-Eastern Poland and Their Impact on Maize Crops

Kuchar, Leszek; Szwejkowski, Z.; Rychcik, B.; Dragańska, Ewa; Cymes, Iwona

doi:10.15576/asp.fc/2021.20.1.3

Cited by 2 publications

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References 15 publications

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“…The experimental material originated from a longterm maize monoculture experiment established in 1968 in Bałcyny (53°35ʹ49ʺ N, 19°51ʹ20ʺ E; Poland). The analyzed region is characterized by a moderate climate with mean annual temperature of 7.1 °C and mean annual precipitation of around 600 mm (Kuchar et al 2021). Maize biomass was collected between 2017 and 2019, and weather conditions for this period are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Site Description Weather Conditions Agricultural Practices A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants control the structure of mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungal communities in soil in a 50-year maize monoculture experiment

Wachowska

Rychcik

2022

Plant Soil

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Aims Saprotrophic soil fungi participate in biomass mineralization, inhibit pathogen development and promote plant growth. Pathogens accumulate in soil and decrease crop yields. The structure of fungal communities is determined mainly by the organic matter content and pH of soil. Little is known about the influence of crop rotation and long-term monoculture on saprotrophic fungi that decompose plant roots and crop residues as sources of soil biomass. Methods Fungal communities that promote plant growth (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), yeasts, Trichoderma spp.), cellulolytic fungi and pathogenic species were analyzed in a 6-year crop rotation system (maize – spring barley – peas – winter rapeseed – winter wheat – sugar beets) and in 50-year maize monoculture. Fungal DNA was extracted from the rhizosphere and plant roots, and the ITS2 region of fungal rDNA was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. In both treatments, weeds were controlled chemically (terbuthylazine + mesotrione + s-metolachlor) or mechanically. Results A total of 311 fungal species were identified. The biodiversity of soil fungi, in particular AMF and yeasts, was higher in monoculture than in crop rotation. Maize pathogens were more frequently identified in monoculture, whereas species of the genus Trichoderma were more prevalent in crop rotation. Herbicides clearly increased the abundance of cellulolytic fungi of the phyla Mucoromycota and Mortierellomycota, Mortierella spp. and Minimedusa polyspora. The abiotic properties of soil were affected by the cropping sequence. The content of organic carbon (Corg) and the availability of P and Mg decreased in monoculture. Maize yields were bound by a strong positive correlation with the availability of macronutrients and Corg in soil, as well as a weak positive correlation with the abundance of Trichoderma spp., Mucoromycota and Mortierellomycota. Conclusions Fungi exert a complex and ambiguous effect on maize biomass yields, whereas a decrease in the macronutrient content of soil in monoculture strongly decreases maize yields. In the long term, the cropping sequence considerably influences the structure of the soil microbiome which can be a reservoir of unique species and species that minimize the negative effects of monoculture in agroecosystems. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Site Description Weather Conditions Agricultural Practices A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants control the structure of mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungal communities in soil in a 50-year maize monoculture experiment

Wachowska

Rychcik

2022

Plant Soil

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“…z 0,030 do 0,016 m 3 • s -1 (dla dobowego kroku czasowego). Za przyczyny zmniejszających się przepływów uznaje się zwiększoną ewapotranspirację wynikającą zarówno z ocieplenia klimatu (Kundzewicz, 2017;IMGW--PIB, 2021b;Kuchar, 2021;Zhengrong i in., 2021), jak i zmiany użytkowania terenu (m.in. wzrost udziału lasów i terenów zalesionych w zlewni [tabela 1]) oraz stosowanie niemonitorowanego poboru wody w okre- (Krajewski i in., 2019(Krajewski i in., , 2021Hejduk i in., 2021).…”

Section: Charakterystyka Obiektuunclassified

Analysis of Selected Hydrological Characteristics of Two Small Lowland Catchments

Banasik¹,

Kaznowska²,

Letkiewicz³

et al. 2022

ASP.FC

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Aim of the study: i. Comparison of characteristic discharges (mean and mean of annual minimum, i.e. mean low discharge) of small lowland river between two periods (1963-1990 and 1991-2020) estimated on the base of field measurements. ii. Comparison of specific discharges of two small catchments of various size in the period 1991-2020. iii. Evaluation of local indirect methods for estimation of mean and mean low discharge applied for the two small catchments. Material and methods: Since 1962, hydrological investigations have been conducted in a small lowland catchment of the Zagożdżonka River. The catchment area is characterized by agro-forested land use, and is located in the south part of the Masovia region, Poland. Continued monitoring of water stages and discharge measurement at the river gauge Płachty Stare were conducted for estimating daily and characteristic discharges for two periods: 1963-1990 and 1991-2020. Other methods were also used for both of the hydrological characteristics. They were based on maps of specific discharges from the Hydrological Atlas of Poland. Results and conclusions: Mean discharge of the Zagożdżonka River at the gauge Płachty Stare between the two periods decreased by 24%. Mean low flow decreased by 43%. Higher evapotranspiration, caused by climate change, i.e. temperature increase and higher ratio of forested area in the catchment, is indicated as the main reason of the changes. Mean specific discharge from the smaller catchment (at Wygoda gauge) was 36% less than from the larger catchment. The application of the indirect methods for estimation of mean and mean low discharges for the larger catchment seems to give satisfactory results.

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Regional Climate Changes in North-Eastern Poland and Their Impact on Maize Crops

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Plants control the structure of mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungal communities in soil in a 50-year maize monoculture experiment

Plants control the structure of mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungal communities in soil in a 50-year maize monoculture experiment

Analysis of Selected Hydrological Characteristics of Two Small Lowland Catchments

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