Regional Gray and White Matter Metabolite Differences in Subjects With AD, With Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia, and Elderly Controls With 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging

MacKay, Shane; Meyerhoff, Dieter J.; Constans, Jean-Marc; Norman, David; Fein, George; Weiner, Michael W.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1996.00550020079018

Cited by 88 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…An increased choline signal, a marker for membrane integrity, has also been described in AD patients, but is not found consistently [81]. Significant NAA reductions were found in the hippocampus, posterior cingulate, and gray matter of the temporal, parietal, and sometimes the occipital and frontal lobes [82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. The degree of cognitive impairment was found to be well correlated with the degree of NAA decrease [90].…”

Section: Other Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ways toward an early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

Mueller

Weiner

Thal

et al. 2005

Alzheimer's & Dementia

1,033

753

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With the increasing life expectancy in developed countries, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and thus its socioeconomic impact are growing. Increasing knowledge over the last years about the pathomechanisms involved in AD allow for the development of specific treatment strategies aimed at slowing down or even preventing neuronal death in AD. However, this requires also that (1) AD can be diagnosed with high accuracy, because non-AD dementias would not benefit from an AD-specific treatment; (2) AD can be diagnosed in very early stages when any intervention would be most effective; and (3) treatment efficacy can be reliably and meaningfully monitored. Although there currently is no ideal biomarker that would fulfill all these requirements, there is increasing evidence that a combination of currently existing neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood biomarkers can provide important complementary information and thus contribute to a more accurate and earlier diagnosis of AD. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is exploring which combinations of these biomarkers are the most powerful for diagnosis of AD and monitoring of treatment effects.

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Section: Other Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The degree of cognitive impairment was found to be well correlated with the degree of NAA decrease [90]. In addition, several studies found MRS also useful in differentiating AD from other forms of dementia, eg, vascular dementia, fronto-temporal lobe dementia [85,86,[91][92][93].…”

Section: Other Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ways toward an early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

Mueller

Weiner

Thal

et al. 2005

Alzheimer's & Dementia

1,033

753

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…NAA levels are decreased in vascular dementia, even in cortical regions remote from the infarction. [34][35][36] With the additional information gained from elevated glial metabolite mI, it is possible that NAA/mI ratio on MRS has a higher sensitivity in detecting cellular and molecular changes associated with small-vessel disease than WMH load. This hypothesis needs to be tested in an autopsy-confirmed sample.…”

Section: Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI and MRS predictors of mild cognitive impairment in a population-based sample

et al. 2013

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Objective: To investigate MRI and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in cognitively normal older adults.Methods: Subjects were cognitively normal older adults (n 5 1,156) who participated in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging MRI/MRS study from August 2005 to December 2010 and had at least one annual clinical follow-up. Single-voxel MRS was performed from the posterior cingulate gyri, and hippocampal volumes and white matter hyperintensity volumes were quantified using automated methods. Brain infarcts were assessed on MRI. Cox proportional hazards regression, with age as the time scale, was used to assess the effect of MRI and MRS markers on the risk of progression from cognitively normal to MCI. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the effect of MRI and MRS markers on cognitive decline.Results: After a median follow-up of 2.8 years, 214 participants had progressed to MCI or dementia (estimated incidence rate 5 6.1% per year; 95% confidence interval 5 5.3%-7.0%). In univariable modeling, hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity volume, and N-acetylaspartate/myo-inositol were significant predictors of MCI in cognitively normal older adults. In multivariable modeling, only decreased hippocampal volume and N-acetylaspartate/myo-inositol were independent predictors of MCI. These MRI/MRS predictors of MCI as well as infarcts were associated with cognitive decline (p , 0.05). Magnetic resonance markers of preclinical dementia-related pathologies are needed for identifying individuals who may benefit from preventive interventions. Conclusion:1 The most common dementia-related pathologies observed in cognitively normal older adults are Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular disease.2-4 MRI and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic ( 1 H-MRS) findings typically associated with early neurodegenerative pathology of AD include hippocampal atrophy on structural MRI as well as elevated glial metabolite myo-inositol (mI) and decreased neuronal metabolite N-acetylaspartate (NAA) on MRS.5,6 MRI findings associated with vascular disease include brain infarcts and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on T2-weighted or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI. Brain infarcts and WMH are associated with cognitive decline and dementia in older adults without dementia, 7-11 and may increase the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) along with the MRI and MRS abnormalities associated with preclinical AD. Hippocampal volumes and MRS abnormalities were complementary in differentiating MCI from

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“…1 H MRS metabolite changes in FTLD are similar to AD, with lower NAA /Cr and higher mI /Cr levels than normal (14,15). 1 H MRS studies in common dementias are limited to comparing the 1 H MRS findings in AD to other dementias (14), FTLD (15) and VaD (11)(12)(13)16). We are not aware of any study that has compared the 1 H MRS metabolite profiles among the most common dementias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹ H MR spectroscopy in common dementias

Kantarci

Petersen²,

Boeve³

et al. 2004

Neurology

215

147

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Objective-To determine the 1 H MR spectroscopic (MRS) findings and inter-group differences among common dementias: Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).Methods-We consecutively recruited 206 normal elderly, 121 patients with AD, 41 with FTLD, 20 with DLB, and 8 with VaD. We evaluated the 1 H MRS metabolite ratio changes in common dementias with respect to normal, and also differences among the common dementias.Results-N-acetylaspartate/Creatine (NAA/Cr) was lower than normal in patients with AD, FTLD, and VaD. Myo-inositol (mI)/Cr was higher than normal in patients with AD and FTLD. Choline (Cho)/Cr was higher than normal in patients with, AD, FTLD, and DLB. There were no metabolite differences between patients with AD and FTLD, nor between patients with DLB and VaD. NAA / Cr was lower in patients with AD and FTLD than DLB. MI /Cr was higher in patients with AD and FTLD than VaD. MI /Cr was also higher in patients with FTLD than DLB.Conclusions-NAA/Cr levels are decreased in dementias that are characterized by neuron loss such as AD, FTLD, and VaD. MI/Cr levels are elevated in dementias that are pathologically characterized by gliosis such as AD and FTLD. Cho/Cr levels are elevated in dementias that are characterized by a profound cholinergic deficit such as AD and DLB.

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Regional Gray and White Matter Metabolite Differences in Subjects With AD, With Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia, and Elderly Controls With 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging

Cited by 88 publications

References 34 publications

Ways toward an early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

Ways toward an early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

MRI and MRS predictors of mild cognitive impairment in a population-based sample

¹ H MR spectroscopy in common dementias

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Regional Gray and White Matter Metabolite Differences in Subjects With AD, With Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia, and Elderly Controls With 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging

Cited by 88 publications

References 34 publications

Ways toward an early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

Ways toward an early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

MRI and MRS predictors of mild cognitive impairment in a population-based sample

1 H MR spectroscopy in common dementias

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

¹ H MR spectroscopy in common dementias