Regulation by the extracellular matrix (ECM) of prolactin‐induced αs1‐casein gene expression in rabbit primary mammary cells: Role of STAT5, C/EBP, and chromatin structure

Jolivet, Geneviève; Pantano, T; Houdebine, Louis

doi:10.1002/jcb.20397

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…For example, histone H4 acetylation is increased in the promoter region of the α-casein milk protein gene in mammary epithelial cells in the presence of collagen [63], and histone H3 and H4 acetylation is increased in the promoter region of the β-casein gene during differentiation [64,65]. It will be interesting to determine how cell shape affects the acetylation status of these and other differentiation-associated genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell shape regulates global histone acetylation in human mammary epithelial cells

Beyec

Lee

et al. 2007

Experimental Cell Research

150

120

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Extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cell morphology and gene expression in vivo; these relationships are maintained in three-dimensional (3D) cultures of mammary epithelial cells. In the presence of laminin-rich ECM (lrECM), mammary epithelial cells round up and undergo global histone deacetylation, a process critical for their functional differentiation. However, it remains unclear whether lrECM-dependent cell rounding and global histone deacetylation are indeed part of a common physical-biochemical pathway. Using 3D cultures as well as nonadhesive and micropatterned substrata, here we showed that the cell 'rounding' caused by lrECM was sufficient to induce deacetylation of histones H3 and H4 in the absence of biochemical cues. Microarray and confocal analysis demonstrated that this deacetylation in 3D culture is associated with a global increase in chromatin condensation and a reduction in gene expression. Whereas cells cultured on plastic substrata formed prominent stress fibers, cells grown in 3D lrECM or on micropatterns lacked these structures. Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton with cytochalasin D phenocopied the lrECMinduced cell rounding and histone deacetylation. These results reveal a novel link between ECMcontrolled cell shape and chromatin structure, and suggest that this link is mediated by changes in the actin cytoskeleton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell shape regulates global histone acetylation in human mammary epithelial cells

Beyec

Lee

et al. 2007

Experimental Cell Research

150

120

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“…There is evidence suggesting that the ECM maintains a high level of histone H4 acetylation upstream of the αs1-casein gene, especially at the level of a distal prolactin and ECM-sensitive enhancer region (Jolivet et al 2005). Recently, Xu et al determined that extracellular matrix molecules cooperate with prolactin to induce histone acetylation and the binding of transcription factors as well as the ATP-dependent SWI chromatin remodeling complex to the β-casein promoter (Xu et al 2007).…”

Section: Adhesion Signaling In Mammary Epithelial Cell Differentiatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of adhesion signaling to lactogenesis

Morrison

Cutler

2010

Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

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The mammary gland undergoes hormonally controlled cycles of pubertal maturation, pregnancy, lactation, and involution, and these processes rely on complex signaling mechanisms, many of which are controlled by cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. The adhesion of epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix initiates signaling mechanisms that have an impact on cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation throughout lactation. The control of integrin expression on the mammary epithelial cells, the composition of the extracellular matrix and the presence of secreted matricellular proteins all contribute to essential adhesion signaling during lactogenesis. In vitro and in vivo studies, including the results from genetically engineered mice, have shed light on the regulation of these processes at the cell and tissue level and have led to increased understanding of the essential signaling components that are regulated in temporal and cell specific manner during lactogenesis. Recent studies suggest that a secreted matricellular protein, CTGF/CCN2, may play a role in lactogenic differentiation through binding to β1 integrin complexes, enhancing the production of extracellular matrix components and contributions to cell adhesion signaling.

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“…STAT5 was activated in a similar manner by prolactin in the presence or the absence of the matrix. Yet, casein genes were activated only in the presence of the matrix (Tourkine et al, 1995;Jolivet et al, 2005). It is not known if the discrepancy between these data is due to the difference of species or to experimental conditions.…”

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confidence: 93%

“…It is not known if the discrepancy between these data is due to the difference of species or to experimental conditions. Interestingly, it was found using the ChIP technique (chromatin immunoprecipitation) that the extracellular matrix induces an opening of the chromatin in the aS1-casein upstream regulatory region as judged by the level of acetylated histone H4 (Figure 1; Jolivet et al, 2005). Prolactin and extracellular matrix might thus deliver independent but complementary messages to the mammary cells to induce milk protein Jolivet, Thé pot, genes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Rabbit milk protein genes: from mRNA identification to chromatin structure

Jolivet

Daniel-Carlier

Thépot

et al. 2008

Animal

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Milk protein genes are among the most intensively expressed and they are active only in epithelial mammary cells of lactating animals. They code for proteins which represent 30% of the proteins consumed by humans in developed countries. Mammary gland development occurs essentially during each pregnancy. This offers experimenters attractive models to study the expression mechanisms of genes controlled by known hormones and factors (prolactin, glucocorticoids, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor-1 and others) as well as extracellular matrix. In the mid-1970s, it became possible to identify and quantify mRNAs from higher living organisms using translation in reticulocyte lysate. A few years later, the use of radioactive cDNAs as probes made it possible for the quantification of mRNA in various physiological situations using hybridisation in the liquid phase. Gene cloning offered additional tools to measure milk protein mRNAs and also to identify transcription factors. Gene transfer in cultured mammary cells and in animals contributed greatly to these studies. It is now well established that most if not all genes of higher eukaryotes are under the control of multiple distal regulatory elements and that local modifications of the chromatin structure play an essential role in the mechanisms of differentiation from embryos to adults. The technique, known as ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation), is being implemented to identify the factors that modify chromatin structure at the milk protein gene level during embryo development, mammogenesis and lactogenesis, including the action of hormones and extracellular matrix. Transgenesis is not just a tool to study gene regulation and function, it is also currently used for various biotechnological applications including the preparation of pharmaceutical proteins in milk. This implies the design of efficient vectors capable of directing the secretion of recombinant proteins in milk at a high concentration. Milk protein gene promoters and long genomic-DNA fragments containing essentially all the regulatory elements of milk protein genes are used to optimise recombinant protein production in milk.Keywords: chromatin, development, promoter, transgenesis IntroductionMilk protein genes are abundantly and specifically expressed in the mammary gland of lactating mammals. Lactation is essential for the development of newborns. Since the domestication of a few ruminants, milk has become an important food for humans. Milk proteins represent 30% of the proteins consumed by humans in developed countries. On the other hand, milk protein genes are among the most intensively expressed genes and they were soon candidates to study the mechanisms of gene expression. For these reasons, biology of lactation has been extensively studied for the last 50 years. The main factors controlling mammary gland development and milk protein gene expression are well known. These factors are oestrogens, prolactin, progesterone, glucocorticoids, insulin-like growth factor-1, placental lactogen and extracellu...

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Regulation by the extracellular matrix (ECM) of prolactin‐induced αs1‐casein gene expression in rabbit primary mammary cells: Role of STAT5, C/EBP, and chromatin structure

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Cell shape regulates global histone acetylation in human mammary epithelial cells

Cell shape regulates global histone acetylation in human mammary epithelial cells

The contribution of adhesion signaling to lactogenesis

Rabbit milk protein genes: from mRNA identification to chromatin structure

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