Regulation of OsSPL14 by OsmiR156 defines ideal plant architecture in rice

Jiao, Yongqing; Wang, Yonghong; Xue, Dawei; Wang, Jing; Yan, Mei; Liu, Guifu; Dong, Guojun; Zeng, Dali; Lu, Zefu; Zhu, Xudong; Qian, Qian; Li, Jiayang

doi:10.1038/ng.591

Cited by 1,255 publications

(1,102 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…S2). Both WFP and IPA are dominant gain-of-function alleles that improve grain yield in rice by reducing tillering and increasing panicle branching (30,31), phenotypes that are the opposite of the ub2/ub3/tsh4 loss-of-function phenotype. IPA causes overexpression of OsSPL14 through a mutation in the miR156-binding site that releases the gene from negative regulation by the microRNA (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both WFP and IPA are dominant gain-of-function alleles that improve grain yield in rice by reducing tillering and increasing panicle branching (30,31), phenotypes that are the opposite of the ub2/ub3/tsh4 loss-of-function phenotype. IPA causes overexpression of OsSPL14 through a mutation in the miR156-binding site that releases the gene from negative regulation by the microRNA (30). Extrapolating from the loss-of-function phenotypes of ub2 and ub3, it is possible that overexpression of these SBP-box genes may delay lateral primordia initiation and differentiation, leaving more time for the meristem to renew and regenerate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maize SBP-box transcription factors unbranched2 and unbranched3 affect yield traits by regulating the rate of lateral primordia initiation

Chuck

Brown

Meeley

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

192

181

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The separation of male and female flowers in maize provides the potential for independent regulation of traits that affect crop productivity. For example, tassel branch number controls pollen abundance and length of shedding time, whereas ear row number directly affects kernel yield. Mutations in duplicate SBP-box transcription factor genes unbranched2 (ub2) and ub3 affect both of these yield traits. Double mutants display a decrease in tassel branch number and an increase in ear row number, both of which are enhanced by loss of a related gene called tasselsheath4 (tsh4). Furthermore, triple mutants have more tillers and leaves-phenotypes seen in Corngrass1 mutants that result from widespread repression of SBP-box genes. Immunolocalization of UB2 and UB3 proteins revealed accumulation throughout the meristem but absence from the central domain of the meristem where cells regenerate. Thus, ub2, ub3, and tsh4 function as redundant factors that limit the rate of cell differentiation to the lateral domains of meristems. When these genes are mutated, cells are allocated to lateral primordia at a higher rate, causing a net loss of cells from the central domain and premature termination of the inflorescence. The ub3 locus is tightly linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for ear row number and tassel branch number in both the nested association mapping (NAM) and intermated B73 by Mo17 (IBM) populations of maize recombinant inbreds, indicating that this gene may be agronomically important. Analysis of ear and tassel QTL across biparental families suggests that multiple mutations in ub3 independently regulate male and female inflorescence development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize SBP-box transcription factors unbranched2 and unbranched3 affect yield traits by regulating the rate of lateral primordia initiation

Chuck

Brown

Meeley

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

192

181

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“…In the rice OsSPL14 mutants, the reduced tillering and increased panicle branching is due to the role of the gene during both the vegetative and reproductive phases (Jiao et al, 2010;Miura et al, 2010). The enhanced development of the reproductive structures in tin could be phenocopied by detillering during the vegetative stage, indicating that reduced intraplant competition may be sufficient to enhance the development of the remaining shoot(s).…”

Section: Murraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Tiller Bud Outgrowth in thetinMutant of Wheat Is Associated with Precocious Internode Development

et al. 2012

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Tillering (branching) is a major yield component and, therefore, a target for improving the yield of crops. However, tillering is regulated by complex interactions of endogenous and environmental signals, and the knowledge required to achieve optimal tiller number through genetic and agronomic means is still lacking. Regulatory mechanisms may be revealed through physiological and molecular characterization of naturally occurring and induced tillering mutants in the major crops. Here we characterize a reduced tillering (tin, for tiller inhibition) mutant of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The reduced tillering in tin is due to early cessation of tiller bud outgrowth during the transition of the shoot apex from the vegetative to the reproductive stage. There was no observed difference in the development of the main stem shoot apex between tin and the wild type. However, tin initiated internode development earlier and, unlike the wild type, the basal internodes in tin were solid rather than hollow. We hypothesize that tin represents a novel type of reduced tillering mutant associated with precocious internode elongation that diverts sucrose (Suc) away from developing tillers. Consistent with this hypothesis, we have observed upregulation of a gene induced by Suc starvation, downregulation of a Suc-inducible gene, and a reduced Suc content in dormant tin buds. The increased expression of the wheat Dormancy-associated (DRM1-like) and Teosinte Branched1 (TB1-like) genes and the reduced expression of cell cycle genes also indicate bud dormancy in tin. These results highlight the significance of Suc in shoot branching and the possibility of optimizing tillering by manipulating the timing of internode elongation.

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“…Extensive genome mapping studies have identified hundreds of QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for yield traits (9). Although a number of QTLs for tillering (10), grain number (11,12), grain size (8,(13)(14)(15), and panicle size and plant architecture (16)(17)(18) have been cloned, molecular characterization of these and many more genes is needed to understand the genetic and molecular bases of yield (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice

Mao¹,

Sun²,

Yao

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

621

511

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Grain yield in many cereal crops is largely determined by grain size. Here we report the genetic and molecular characterization of GS3, a major quantitative trait locus for grain size. It functions as a negative regulator of grain size and organ size. The wild-type isoform is composed of four putative domains: a plant-specific organ size regulation (OSR) domain in the N terminus, a transmembrane domain, a tumor necrosis factor receptor/nerve growth factor receptor (TNFR/NGFR) family cysteine-rich domain, and a von Willebrand factor type C (VWFC) in the C terminus. These domains function differentially in grain size regulation. The OSR domain is both necessary and sufficient for functioning as a negative regulator. The wild-type allele corresponds to medium grain. Loss of function of OSR results in long grain. The C-terminal TNFR/NGFR and VWFC domains show an inhibitory effect on the OSR function; loss-offunction mutations of these domains produced very short grain. This study linked the functional domains of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice.grain weight | Oryza sativa L. | protein domain | yield I n recent years, genes for grain and fruit sizes have been isolated from several plant species (1-8), providing opportunities for understanding genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating these traits. In rice, yield per plant is determined by three component traits: number of panicles (tillers) per plant, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight. Extensive genome mapping studies have identified hundreds of QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for yield traits (9). Although a number of QTLs for tillering (10), grain number (11, 12), grain size (8, 13-15), and panicle size and plant architecture (16-18) have been cloned, molecular characterization of these and many more genes is needed to understand the genetic and molecular bases of yield (9).A major QTL for grain size (GS3) in rice was previously identified on chromosome 3 in a number of studies across different genetic backgrounds and environments (19)(20)(21). Fan et al. (8) identified the candidate gene for GS3. By comparative sequencing analysis, they found a nonsense mutation in the second exon of the putative GS3 shared among all of the large-grain varieties tested in comparison with varieties with smaller grains. This mutation caused a 178-aa truncation in the C terminus of the predicted protein, which was widespread in the global rice germplasm collections (22, 23), indicating that this mutation had an ancient origin and played an important role in grain size variation and domestication of the cultivated rice.Here we report the genetic and molecular analysis of GS3, which revealed several important structural and functional features of the GS3 protein in grain size regulation. ResultsValidation of GS3 on Grain Size Regulation. We validated the effect of GS3 on grain size by transformation. A construct CT9.8 (Fig. S1A), containing a 9.8-kb genomic DNA fragment encompassing GS3 amplified by PCR from rice cultivar Chuan 7 (short grain)...

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Regulation of OsSPL14 by OsmiR156 defines ideal plant architecture in rice

Cited by 1,255 publications

References 23 publications

Maize SBP-box transcription factors unbranched2 and unbranched3 affect yield traits by regulating the rate of lateral primordia initiation

Maize SBP-box transcription factors unbranched2 and unbranched3 affect yield traits by regulating the rate of lateral primordia initiation

Inhibition of Tiller Bud Outgrowth in thetinMutant of Wheat Is Associated with Precocious Internode Development

Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice

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