Regulatory Mechanisms of LncRNAs in Cancer Glycolysis: Facts and Perspectives

Abstract

Cancer cells exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics that employ glycolysis to provide energy and intermediary metabolites. This aberrant metabolic phenotype favors cancer progression. LncRNAs are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not encode proteins. LncRNAs contribute to cancer progression and therapeutic resistance and affect aerobic glycolysis via multiple mechanisms, including modulating glycolytic transporters and enzymes. Further, dysregulated signaling pathways are vital for glycolysis. In this review, we highlight regulatory mechanisms for lncRNAs in aerobic glycolysis that provide novel insights into cancer development. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in aerobic glycolysis can provide new strategies for clinical cancer management.

GSH-Responsive Nanoprodrug to Inhibit Glycolysis and Alleviate Immunosuppression for Cancer Therapy

“…Different from the normal cellular energy-supplying manner, tumor cells mainly rely on glycolysis to obtain energy, even under aerobic conditions, which is a benefit for their malignant proliferation. − The intermediate products of glycolysis, 6-phosphoglucose and pyruvate, can synthesize fatty acids and nucleic acids, which can regulate the cell metabolism and biosynthesis and contribute to the rapid growth of tumor cells . Moreover, hexokinase in glycolysis can antagonize apoptosis, and glycolysis can acidify the surrounding environment, which is unfavorable for normal cell growth but is conducive to the infiltration and metastasis of tumor cells. , Therefore, inhibiting glycolysis for blocking the energy source of tumor cells is an effective strategy to disturb the cellular activity and further induce the death of cancer cells. As an effective inhibitor of glycolysis, lonidamine (LND) can not only restrain the energy metabolism of tumor cells by suppressing the activity of hexokinase II (HK II) , but also destroy the structure of mitochondria and disrupt the respiration. − Except to intercept the energy-supply for cancer cells, it will be more potent to regulate the immune system for cancer therapy.…”

“…5 Moreover, hexokinase in glycolysis can antagonize apoptosis, and glycolysis can acidify the surrounding environment, which is unfavorable for normal cell growth but is conducive to the infiltration and metastasis of tumor cells. 6,7 Therefore, inhibiting glycolysis for blocking the energy source of tumor cells is an effective strategy to disturb the cellular activity and further induce the death of cancer cells. As an effective inhibitor of glycolysis, lonidamine (LND) can not only restrain the energy metabolism of tumor cells by suppressing the activity of hexokinase II (HK II) 8,9 but also destroy the structure of mitochondria and disrupt the respiration.…”

Ecotype Division and Chemical Diversity of Cynomorium songaricum from Different Geographical Regions

“…The primary metabolites are directly involved in the growth, development, and reproduction of organisms [28], while secondary metabolites are not essential, although they perform important ecological functions that favor survival. Furthermore, secondary metabolites are a source of medicinal and nutritional resources of great interest to humans [29,30].…”

Immune-Related lncRNA Pairs Clinical Prognosis Model Construction for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…The imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells in the TME promotes tumor progression. 10 Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an RNA molecule composed of more than 200 nucleotides, 11 which is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors and can be used as a potential marker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. 12 At the same time, a large amount of evidence shows that lncRNA is an active participant in all stages of tumor immunity.…”