The Clostridium stercorarium F-9 xyl43B gene encoding the -xylosidase Xyl43B consists of an open reading frame of 1,491 nucleotides that encodes a putative protein, classified in family 43, of 497 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 56,355. The deduced amino acid sequence of Xyl43B has sequence similarity with -xylosidases from Bacteriodes thetaiotaomicron (57% sequence identity), Prevotella ruminicola (45%), Streptomyces coelicolor (40%), and Clostridium acetobutylicum (36%), all of which have been classified in family 43 of the glycoside hydrolases. Xyl43B was purified from a recombinant Escherichia coli and characterized. The optimum pH of the purified enzyme was 3.5 and it was stable over pH from 3.0 to 8.0. Its optimum temperature was 80 C and it showed thermostability in the temperature range from 50 to 70 C. Xyl43B had a K m of 6.2 mM and a V max of 15 mol min À1 mg À1 for p-nitrophenyl--D-xylopyranoside.