Regulatory T Cells in Chronic Heart Failure

Lu, Yang; Xia, Ni; Cheng, Xiang

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.732794

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(229 reference statements)

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“…In addition, recent studies indicate that immune cells significantly affect the development of HF. Immune cells such as cluster of differentiation 4 T cells or cluster of differentiation 8 T cells have potential impacts on the development or regulation of HF and cardiac remodeling in heart ischemia [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: The Interlink Connections Of Ascvd and Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Cardiovascular Disease and Liver Disease, from a Clinically Pragmatic Perspective as a Cardiologist

et al. 2023

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Cardiovascular diseases and liver diseases are closely related. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has the same risk factors as those for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and may also be a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on its own. Heart failure causes liver fibrosis, and liver fibrosis results in worsened cardiac preload and congestion. Although some previous reports regard the association between cardiovascular diseases and liver disease, the management strategy for liver disease in patients with cardiovascular diseases is not still established. This review summarized the association between cardiovascular diseases and liver disease. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the degree of liver fibrosis progresses with worsening cardiovascular prognosis. In patients with heart failure, liver fibrosis could be a prognostic marker. Liver stiffness assessed with shear wave elastography, the fibrosis-4 index, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score is associated with both liver fibrosis in patients with liver diseases and worse prognosis in patients with heart failure. With the current population ageing, the importance of management for cardiovascular diseases and liver disease has been increasing. However, whether management and interventions for liver disease improve the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases has not been fully understood. Future investigations are needed.

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Section: The Interlink Connections Of Ascvd and Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Cardiovascular Disease and Liver Disease, from a Clinically Pragmatic Perspective as a Cardiologist

et al. 2023

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“…Treg cells seem to be reduced in different heart failure (HF) aetiologies and associated with a dismal prognosis. They can also participate in the pathophysiology of CHF by assuming an antiangiogenic and profibrotic profile Th1 like cells [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced numbers of regulatory T cells in chronic heart failure seems not to be restored by cardiac resynchronization therapy

Martins

António

Carvalheiro

et al. 2023

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background T cells have been implicated in the development and progression of inflammatory processes in chronic heart failure (CHF). Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has beneficial effects on symptoms and cardiac remodeling in CHF. However, its impact on the inflammatory immune response remains controversial. We aimed to study the impact of CRT on T cells in heart failure (HF) patients. Methods Thirty-nine HF patients were evaluated before CRT (T0) and six months later (T6). Quantification of T cells, their subsets, and their functional characterization, after in vitro stimulation, were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results T regulatory (Treg) cells were decreased in CHF patients (healthy group (HG): 1.08 ± 0.50 versus (heart failure patients (HFP)-T0: 0.69 ± 0.40, P = 0.022) and remaining diminished after CRT (HFP-T6: 0.61 ± 0.29, P = 0.003). Responders (R) to CRT presented a higher frequency of T cytotoxic (Tc) cells producing IL-2 at T0 compared with non-responders (NR) (R: 36.52 ± 12.55 versus NR: 24.71 ± 11.66, P = 0.006). After CRT, HF patients presented a higher percentage of Tc cells expressing TNF-α and IFN-γ (HG: 44.50 ± 16.62 versus R: 61.47 ± 20.54, P = 0.014; and HG: 40.62 ± 15.36 versus R: 52.39 ± 18.66, P = 0.049, respectively). Conclusion The dynamic of different functional T cell subpopulations is significantly altered in CHF, which results in an exacerbated pro-inflammatory response. Even after CRT, it seems that the inflammatory condition underlying CHF continues to evolve with the progression of the disease. This could be due, at least in part, to the inability to restore Treg cells levels. Trial registration: Observational and prospective study with no trial registration.

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“…The IDO and its metabolite kynurenic acid are activators of Treg differentiation [14][15][16]. Tregs can migrate and be resident in the heart to promote functional repair and to protect from myocardial infarction and ischemic injury in humans and rodents [17][18][19]. However, it is still unclear whether infusion with two-dose human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs) is more effective than one dose in improving cardiac function and whether this benefit depends on the expression of IDO and its modulation on inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infusion of two-dose mesenchymal stem cells is more effective than a single dose in a dilated cardiomyopathy rat model by upregulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression

et al. 2022

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Background and aims The therapeutic efficacy of single-dose mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy for heart failure (HF) remains inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate whether infusion with two-dose human umbilical cord MSC (hUCMSCs) could be therapeutically superior to single-dose therapy in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with doxorubicin (DOX) to establish a DCM model and randomized to intravenously receive single-dose or two-dose hUCMSCs at an interval of 14 days. Their left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions were analyzed by echocardiography. The percentages of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in the heart, spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood and the levels of serum cytokines in individual rats were analyzed by flow cytometry and cytometric bead assay, respectively. The degrees of cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were examined by histology. The importance of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an activator of Treg differentiation, in the therapeutic effect of hUCMSCs on inflammation and heart function of rats was determined after induction of IDO over-expression (IDO-OE) using IFN-γ (1 ng/ml) and TNF-α (10 ng/ml) stimulation or silencing (IDO-KD) using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. Results Compared with the single dose, two-dose hUCMSCs were more effective in improving LV performance, attenuating cardiac dilation, reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis. Two-dose hUCMSC therapy significantly increased Treg number in the heart and peripheral blood, accompanied by increased cardiac IDO expression. Compared with the control hUCMSCs, IDO-OE hUCMSCs significantly enhanced Treg and Th2 cell responses and decreased systemic Th17 cell responses and Th1 cell numbers in the mediastinal lymph nodes. Treatment with IDO-OE hUCMSCs significantly improved LV remodeling and dysfunction. However, treatment with IDO-KD hUCMSCs had opposite effects in rats. Conclusions Administration of two-dose hUCMSCs has better therapeutic effects than single-dose therapy for inhibiting myocardial inflammation to improve LV function in DCM rats. These effects are associated with upregulating IDO expression and its systemic anti-inflammatory activities.

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Regulatory T Cells in Chronic Heart Failure

Cited by 32 publications

References 135 publications

Association between Cardiovascular Disease and Liver Disease, from a Clinically Pragmatic Perspective as a Cardiologist

Association between Cardiovascular Disease and Liver Disease, from a Clinically Pragmatic Perspective as a Cardiologist

Reduced numbers of regulatory T cells in chronic heart failure seems not to be restored by cardiac resynchronization therapy

Infusion of two-dose mesenchymal stem cells is more effective than a single dose in a dilated cardiomyopathy rat model by upregulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression

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