Reinforced Membrane Durability in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks for Automotive Applications

Ralph, T. R.; Barnwell, D.; Bouwman, Peter J.; Hodgkinson, Adam; Petch, M.I.; Pollington, M.

doi:10.1149/1.2838163

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Aarhaug et al [19] ran an OCV test on a PEM fuel cell for over 1400 hours at 40 C and 100% RH. Recently, Ralph et al [20] reported accelerated testing of reinforced membranes by holding the MEA at OCV for up to 850 hours at 80 C and 100% RH. Zhai et al, using a polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based MEA, conducted a lifetime test at OCV and high temperature (150 C) for 520 hours [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Lifetime Testing for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using Extremely High Temperature and Unusually High Load

Zhang

Song

Zhang

2011

Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Lifetime Testing for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using Extremely High Temperature and Unusually High Load

Zhang

Song

Zhang

2011

Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology

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“…Early failures can be avoided by adding gaskets or applying protective layers [ 47 , 48 ]. The OCV and humidity cycling AST [ 49 ] suggested that the lifetime of MEAs with and without the protection of frames were about 300 h and 2500 h, respectively. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results indicated that the membrane without frame protection cracked at the transition region, and the gas crossover suddenly increased to an unacceptable level; meanwhile the gas crossover of the MEA with frame protection increased slowly.…”

Section: Degradation In the Transition Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a reinforced membrane could improve the mechanical durability of the membrane. Compared with the non-reinforced membranes, the enhanced membranes have better dimensional stability during hydration/dehydration and strong tear resistance [ 49 ]. Under automotive operating conditions, the mechanical stress caused by hydration/dehydration of the reinforced membrane is less and therefore more durable.…”

Section: Degradation In the Transition Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of the Transition Region of Membrane Electrode Assembly of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Design, Degradation, and Mitigation

Yang

Tan

et al. 2022

Membranes

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As the core component of a proton exchange fuel cell (PEMFC), a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) consists of function region (active area), structure region, and transition region. Situated between the function and structure regions, the transition region influences the reliability and durability of the MEA. The degradation of the electrolyte membrane in this region can be induced by mechanical stress and chemical aggression. Therefore, prudent design, reliable and robust structure of the transition region can greatly help avoid early failure of MEAs. This review begins with the summarization of current structural concepts of MEAs, focusing on the transition region structures. It can be seen that aiming at better repeatability and robustness, partly or total integration of the materials in the transition region is becoming a development trend. Next the degradation problem at the transition region is introduced, which can be attributed to the hygro-thermal environment, free radical aggression, air pressure shock, and seal material decomposition. Finally, the mitigation approaches for the deterioration at this region are summarized, with a principle of avoiding the exposure of the membrane at the edge of the catalyst-coated membrane (CCM). Besides, durability test methods of the transition region are included in this review, among which temperature and humidity cycling are frequently used.

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“…It was found that the membrane degradation was accelerated under open-circuit voltage (OCV) in low-RH conditions. Therefore, extensive researches have been conducted under these conditions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinhole formation in PEMFC membrane after electrochemical degradation and wet/dry cycling test

Lee

Kim

Sim

et al. 2011

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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During the operation of a PEMFC, the polymer membrane is degraded by electrochemical reactions and mechanical stresses. We investigated the effects of repeated electrochemical and mechanical degradations in a membrane. For mechanical degradation, the membrane and MEA were repeatedly subjected to wet/dry cycles; for electrochemical degradation, the cell was operated under open-circuit voltage (OCV)/low-humidity conditions. The repeated wet/dry cycles led to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the membrane. When the MEA was degraded electrochemically, repeated wet/dry cycling resulted in the formation of pinholes in the membrane. In the case of different MEAs that were first degraded electrochemically, the extents of their hydrogen crossover currents increased due to repeated wet/dry cycling being different. Therefore, these results indicated that the membrane durability could be evaluated by these methods of repeated electrochemical degradation and wet/dry cycles.

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Reinforced Membrane Durability in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks for Automotive Applications

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Accelerated Lifetime Testing for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using Extremely High Temperature and Unusually High Load

Accelerated Lifetime Testing for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using Extremely High Temperature and Unusually High Load

A Review of the Transition Region of Membrane Electrode Assembly of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Design, Degradation, and Mitigation

Pinhole formation in PEMFC membrane after electrochemical degradation and wet/dry cycling test

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