Reinke crystals: Hallmarks of adult Leydig cells in humans

Planinić, Ana; Marić, Tihana; Bojanac, Ana Katušić; Ježek, Davor

doi:10.1111/andr.13201

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Reinke crystals, first discovered and described by Reinke in the cytoplasm of interstitial cells of testes, are 2 to 3 μm in an average size and hexagonal in shape on perpendicular sections while appearing rectangular on longitudinal sections 36 . Para-crystalline inclusions can also be seen in abnormal Leydig cells, which lack the long-range order of Reinke crystals but still retain short to medium-range order, giving them rigid and regular outlines 37 . The amorphous and irregular inclusions described in this report, lack the regularity and structural rigidity of Reinke crystals and related para-crystalline inclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the Nature and Clinicopathologic Significance of Mallory-Denk-like Inclusions in Ovarian Fibromas: A Potential Degenerative Phenomenon Associated With Torsion

Krishnamurthy

Stillman

Vyas

2023

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology

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Mallory-Denk bodies (MBD), described in alcoholic hepatitis, are composed of intermediate filaments admixed with other proteins. These cytoplasmic inclusions are irregularly shaped and eosinophilic as seen under the light microscope. MBD-like inclusions have rarely been described outside the hepatobiliary tree. Though rare, intracytoplasmic inclusions have been reported in ovarian fibromas. This study evaluates a series of torsed ovarian fibromas with intracytoplasmic inclusions resembling MDBs. Forty-three ovarian fibromas were retrieved from the pathology archives. The H&E slides were evaluated for the presence of MBD-like inclusions and histologic evidence of torsion. The cases with histologic features of torsion were included in the study group while the nontorsed fibromas formed the control group. Among the 15 cases of fibromas with torsion, MBD-like intracytoplasmic inclusions were seen in 5 cases, predominantly in the interface between necrotic areas and viable stroma. None of the cases from the control group showed any inclusions. There was no significant difference in the size of the fibroma or patient demographics between cases with and without inclusions. The inclusions were positive for cytokeratin and ubiquitin while being negative for per acidic Schiff and periodic acid-Schiff with diastase reaction, in the 3 cases selected for immunohistochemistry and special stains. Electron microscopy of the index case revealed a predominance of type 3 Mallory hyaline. This is the first report describing MDB-like inclusions in ovarian fibromas. These MDB-like inclusions appear to be limited to a fraction of ovarian fibromas that underwent torsion, suggesting that these inclusions likely result from subacute hypoxic damage to the cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the Nature and Clinicopathologic Significance of Mallory-Denk-like Inclusions in Ovarian Fibromas: A Potential Degenerative Phenomenon Associated With Torsion

Krishnamurthy

Stillman

Vyas

2023

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology

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“…Although true Reinke crystals have been described as characteristic of this tumor, they may be very difficult to visualize or even absent [8,19]. In contrast, paracrystalline inclusions, which have been suggested to be precursors of Reinke crystals, are frequently observed in Leydig cells [98], as illustrated in Figure 7D. Nuclei are round, with a single central prominent nucleolus, sometimes with nuclear pseudo-inclusions.…”

Section: Leydig Cell Tumormentioning

confidence: 96%

Relevance of Molecular Pathology for the Diagnosis of Sex Cord–Stromal Tumors of the Ovary: A Narrative Review

Trecourt,

Donzel,

Alsadoun

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Ovarian sex cord–stromal tumors (SCSTs) account for 8% of all primary ovarian neo-plasms. Accurate diagnosis is crucial since each subtype has a specific prognostic and treatment. Apart from fibrosarcomas, stromal tumors are benign while sex cord tumors may recur, sometimes with a significant time to relapse. Although the diagnosis based on morphology is straightforward, in some cases the distinction between stromal tumors and sex cord tumors may be tricky. Indeed, the immunophenotype is usually nonspecific between stromal tumors and sex cord tumors. Therefore, molecular pathology plays an important role in the diagnosis of such entities, with pathognomonic or recurrent alterations, such as FOXL2 variants in adult granulosa cell tumors. In addition, these neoplasms may be associated with genetic syndromes, such as Peutz–Jeghers syndrome for sex cord tumors with annular tubules, and DICER1 syndrome for Sertoli–Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs), for which the pathologist may be in the front line of syndromic suspicion. Molecular pathology of SCST is also relevant for patient prognosis and management. For instance, the DICER1 variant is associated with moderately to poorly differentiated SLCTS and a poorer prognosis. The present review summarizes the histomolecular criteria useful for the diagnosis of SCST, using recent molecular data from the literature.

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“…Charcot–Leyden crystals [25] are formed by galectin-10 crystallization in human tissues and are considered as a hallmark of inflammatory disorders [32]. Hexagonal Reinke crystals [33,34] are of unclear molecular nature. They are usually located within the cytoplasm of Leydig cells in the human testis and are considered for the diagnosis of tumours [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of insulin crystalline form in isolated β-cell secretory granules

et al. 2022

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Insulin is stored in vivo inside the pancreatic β-cell insulin secretory granules. In vitro studies have led to an assumption that high insulin and Zn 2+ concentrations inside the pancreatic β-cell insulin secretory granules should promote insulin crystalline state in the form of Zn 2+ -stabilized hexamers. Electron microscopic images of thin sections of the pancreatic β-cells often show a dense, regular pattern core, suggesting the presence of insulin crystals. However, the structural features of the storage forms of insulin in native preparations of secretory granules are unknown, because of their small size, fragile character and difficult handling. We isolated and investigated the secretory granules from MIN6 cells under near-native conditions, using cryo-electron microscopic (Cryo-EM) techniques. The analysis of these data from multiple intra -granular crystals revealed two different rhomboidal crystal lattices. The minor lattice has unit cell parameters ( a ≃ b ≃ 84.0 Å, c ≃ 35.2 Å), similar to in vitro crystallized human 4Zn 2+ -insulin hexamer, whereas the largely prevalent unit cell has more than double c -axis ( a ≃ b ≃ c ≃ 96.5 Å) that probably corresponds to two or three insulin hexamers in the asymmetric unit. Our experimental data show that insulin can be present in pancreatic MIN 6 cell granules in a microcrystalline form, probably consisting of 4Zn 2+ -hexamers of this hormone.

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Reinke crystals: Hallmarks of adult Leydig cells in humans

Cited by 6 publications

References 120 publications

Defining the Nature and Clinicopathologic Significance of Mallory-Denk-like Inclusions in Ovarian Fibromas: A Potential Degenerative Phenomenon Associated With Torsion

Defining the Nature and Clinicopathologic Significance of Mallory-Denk-like Inclusions in Ovarian Fibromas: A Potential Degenerative Phenomenon Associated With Torsion

Relevance of Molecular Pathology for the Diagnosis of Sex Cord–Stromal Tumors of the Ovary: A Narrative Review

Characterization of insulin crystalline form in isolated β-cell secretory granules

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