Background. Posterior dislocation fractures of the humerus occur as impression fractures of the humeral head (reverse Hill-Sachs fracture) and posteriorly dislocated proximal humeral (PH) fractures with a subcapital component. This study evaluated fracture patterns, current treatment, and revision rates. Methods. Data of patients who underwent surgical treatment for PH dislocation fractures in two level-I trauma centers between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results. We identified 41 shoulders in 37 patients (n = 12 female, n = 25 male; average age 52 [25-91] years) with open surgical treatment of PH posterior dislocation fractures. In 14 patients, the cause was convulsive seizure or electrical accident, in 23 patients, a fall or high-energy trauma.