Relações De Independência E Dependência Funcional Entre Os Operantes Verbais Mando E Tato Com a Mesma Topografia

Abstract

O presente estudo buscou investigar se o ensino de uma topografia de resposta verbal em um determinado operante é suficiente para produzir a emissão dessa mesma topografia em outro operante verbal. Buscou ainda investigar se a ordem de treino (i.e. treino de mando – teste de surgimento colateral de tato; treino de tato – teste de surgimento colateral de mando) exerce alguma diferença sobre o desempenho dos participantes. Participaram do estudo 10 crianças divididas em dois grupos diferenciados pela ordem de treino. O Grupo 1 começou com o treino de mando e teste de tato, enquanto que o Grupo 2 iniciou o procedimento com treino de tato e teste de mando. O Grupo 1 era composto por quatro crianças e o Grupo 2 por seis crianças. Foi observado um padrão de independência funcional nas crianças do Grupo 2, já no Grupo 1 foi possível identificar padrões de independência e de dependência funcional entre mandos e tatos. Os dados são discutidos levando em consideração a noção de controle de estímulos, e ainda, apresenta uma visão dinâmica da mudança de independência para a dependência funcional. Palavras-chave: comportamento verbal, operantes verbais, tato, mando, independência funcional

The Functional Independence of Mands and Tacts: Has It Been Demonstrated Empirically?

“…One study (Ziomek and Rehfeldt 2008) employed both preferred items and blockedresponse procedures. Participants in three studies (Alves and Ribeiro 2007;Córdova et al 2007;Lamarre and Holland 1985) learned to tact or mand for the relative placement (i.e., left and right) of various items. Finally, in Shillingsburg et al (2009), the target response forms were "yes" and "no"; preferred and nonpreferred items were employed in the mand condition but neutral items in the tact condition.…”

“…Nine studies evaluated both tact-to-mand and mand-to-tact transfer, either within or between participants; five studies evaluated mand-to-tact transfer only, and three studies tact-to-mand transfer only. Fourteen studies were published in English-language journals, two were published in Portuguese (Alves and Ribeiro 2007;Córdova et al 2007) and one in Italian (Pino 1994). We will first summarize methodological characteristics and results of the 17 studies; followed by a discussion of potential sources of variability within and across studies.…”

“…1) and reported diagnoses and other narrative descriptions of participants. If tact-to-mand transfer is considered first, all studies conducted with typically developing children (Alves and Ribeiro 2007;Córdova et al 2007;Lamarre and Holland 1985;Petursdottir et al 2005) produced data, whereas studies conducted with children or adults with developmental disabilities fell into both of the categories shown in the Fig. 1.…”

“…The third category of studies consists of three studies (Alves and Ribeiro 2007;Córdova et al 2007;Lamarre and Holland 1985) in which the target mands and tacts concerned relative placement of stimuli on the left or on the right of other stimuli. In the tact condition, participants were presented with two stimuli and asked about the location of one stimulus.…”

Apraxia e produção da fala: efeitos do fortalecimento de relações verbais

“…Verbalizations by a subject when presented with text (reading designates) and figures (naming designates) are established under independent conditions. The establishment of one of these behaviors does not necessarily result in the establishment of the other; unless the necessary conditions for learning are provided 7,8 . Equivalence relations between stimuli describe the symbolic values that topographically distinct stimuli have in the behavior of individuals with well-established verbal repertoires.…”