Relation between the stability of dental implants and two biological markers during the healing period: a prospective clinical study

Abstract

ObjectivesThe purposes of this study were to examine the correlation between the stability of dental implants and bone formation markers during the healing period and to monitor the stability of dental implants using the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) method. The null hypothesis of the study is no correlation between the stability of dental implant and bone formation markers.MethodsThe study is a prospective clinical study during the 3-month healing period of implant. At implant placement (PW Plus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand) and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks, RFA assessments were performed and gingival (GCF)/peri-implant crevicular fluids (PICF) were collected from ten patients. The level of osteocalcin (OC) was measured by using ELISA kits, and the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured by colorimetric analysis. Repeated measures analysis of variance, the Friedman test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Pearson correlation were performed for data analysis.ResultsThere was a statistical decrease in the mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) values between 1 and 3 weeks (P < 0.05). The ISQ values recovered to the initial values at 4 weeks. There was no statistical difference in the ALP level at each measurement, while there was a statistical increase in the OC level at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks when compared with 1 week (P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between ALP levels and ISQ values (r = 0.226, P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between OC levels and ISQ values at 1–12 weeks (r = 0.245, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe ISQ values were weakly correlated with both ALP and OC. The three-thread-design implant showed a high stability through healing period.

Comparative study of stress characteristics in surrounding bone during insertion of dental implants of three different thread designs: A three‐dimensional dynamic finite element study

“…A previous study of the relationship between the stability of PW Plus® dental implants and two biological markers during the healing period has shown that the mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) values decreased between 1 and 3 weeks after implantation. After 4 weeks, the ISQ values recovered to the initial values (Tirachaimongkol et al, ). These results are similar to those of Rabel et al, who showed high‐mean ISQ values immediately after implantation of Camlog® dental implants, and again, 3 months later (Table ; Rabel, Köhler, & Schmidt‐Westhausen, ).…”

“…Naturally, it is difficult, clinically, to quantify the magnitude and direction of the forces occurring in the surrounding bone during implant insertion (Guan et al, 2011) (Tirachaimongkol et al, 2016). These results are similar to those of Rabel et al, who showed high-mean ISQ values immediately after implantation of Camlog® dental implants, and again, 3 months later (Table 3; Rabel, Köhler, & Schmidt-Westhausen, 2007).…”

“…From the top of the implant fixture, the microthread was located at the collar area, the reverse buttress thread was located in the middle of the body, and a condensed thread was located at the apical third of the fixture. The thread of the implant began with a condensed thread (near the apex of the implant), which gradually increased in thickness along the body of the implant (Tirachaimongkol, Pothacharoen, Reichart, & Khongkhunthian, ). The implant had a diameter of 3.75 mm and length of 12 mm with a three‐thread‐design tapered screw.…”

“…The thread of the implant began with a condensed thread (near the apex of the implant), which gradually increased in thickness along the body of the implant (Tirachaimongkol, Pothacharoen, Reichart, & Khongkhunthian, 2016). The implant had a diameter of 3.75 mm and length of 12 mm with a three-thread-design tapered screw.…”

Mathematical equations for dental implant stability patterns during the osseointegration period, based on previous resonance frequency analysis studies

“…Primary and secondary stability combine into total implant stability. Many studies have recorded total implant stability during the implant healing period, in order to monitor the process of osseointegration . A majority of those studies have revealed that implant stability decreases from the baseline, taken as the first day of placement of the implant.…”