Relation of second formant trajectories to tongue kinematics

Abstract

In this study, the relationship between the acoustic and articulatory kinematic domains of speech was examined among nine neurologically healthy female speakers using two derived relationships between tongue kinematics and F2 measurements: (1) second formant frequency (F2) extent to lingual displacement and (2) F2 slope to lingual speed. Additionally, the relationships between these paired parameters were examined within conversational, more clear, and less clear speaking modes. In general, the findings of the study support a strong correlation for both sets of paired parameters. In addition, the data showed significant changes in articulatory behaviors across speaking modes including the magnitude of tongue motion, but not in the speed-related measures.

Effect of prosodic manipulation on articulatory kinematics and second formant trajectories in children

“…Thus, F2 extent during this transition provides an index of the distinctiveness between the initial and final sounds of the diphthong, and relates to the clarity with which the diphthong is perceived. 41,42 In studies of adult speakers, F2 slope has been shown to correlate with kinematic measures of lingual speed in both healthy adults and speakers with dysarthria 8,36,43 and F2 extent has been shown to correlate with tongue displacement, 43 suggesting moderate-to-strong relations between these articulatory and acoustic parameters. Less is known about the strength of these relations in children; however, given the nonlinear changes in formants and the refinement of articulatory movements throughout childhood and adolescence, it is possible that articulatory-acoustic relations in children could differ from adults.…”

“…34,35 Prior work has shown variability in the strength of articulatory-acoustic relations in adult speakers with and without motor speech disorders. 2,8,[36][37][38] Second formant (F2) trajectories are of particular interest because F2 is sensitive to changes in tongue movement, and the extent and slope of F2 trajectories relate to speech intelligibility for speakers with dysarthria. 12,39,40 F2 trajectories are often studied in the context of diphthongs, which involve large F2 transitions between the beginning and end of the vowel.…”

“…3,5,6 In healthy adult speakers, rate and prosodic manipulation studies have yielded important information about the relations between articulatory adjustments and speech acoustics across a range of speaking styles. 2,7,8 Across studies, results have shown that prosodic manipulations not only induce changes in the target prosodic dimension (e.g., slowed rate, increased loudness) but also increase acoustic distinctiveness of speech sounds. 3,9,10 This is important because acoustic distinctiveness is strongly related to speech intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria.…”

A review of data collection practices using electromagnetic articulography

“…The reference sensors can alternatively be prepared and placed on a pair of goggles, on the frame of a pair of plastic glasses, or on a headband (e.g., Ji, Berry, & Johnson, 2013;Mefferd, 2019;Thompson & Kim, 2019;Kearney et al, 2018). The Appendix shows additional information regarding individual researchers' strategies to place reference sensors.…”

Relationships between maximum tongue pressure and second formant transition in speakers with different types of dysarthria

“…It is a quantitative acoustic measurement based on connected speech (word or sentence level). The F2 slope changes almost in response to the back and forth movements of the tongue [ 15 ], and frequency trajectories, such as diphthongs, move up and down relatively rapidly. Therefore, the F2 slope is speculated to reflect the movement speed of the tongue during articulation.…”