Relationship between anxious temperament and harm avoidance in medical students and staff

Shirahama, Masanao; Terao, Takeshi; Ishii, Nobuyoshi; Hatano, Koji; Kohno, Kentaro

doi:10.1111/pcn.12633

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Previous studies have suggested that the personality tendency to avoid danger is related to the likeliness of an individual to become anxious and depressed [17,18]. Interestingly, Qian and Yahara have suggested that personality tendencies, morality and ideology are associated with SRB during COVID-19 pandemic in Japan [19].…”

Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 94%

Association between Self-Restraint Behavior, Stigma and Depressive Tendency in Office Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan—Self-Restraint Behavior and Depression during the COVID-19

Katsuki

Kubo

Yamakawa

et al. 2021

Psychiatry International

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced people to change their lifestyles, especially with respect to restrictions on going out. Forced quarantine (i.e., lockdown) and self-restraint behavior (SRB), including self-quarantine, are suggested to induce potential negative impacts on public mental health. SRB seems to be related to governmental policies, each individual’s social background and mental condition; however, no empirical studies have been conducted. Methods: 1053 participants (mainly office workers) from epidemic areas and non-epidemic areas in Japan voluntarily conducted an online survey in June 2020. We assessed COVID-19-related aspects such as the degree of SRB, motivation for SRB, stigma, anxiety and depressive feelings due to COVID-19 by original questionnaires) and general mental health status (social anxiety by MINI-SPIN, depressive tendency by PHQ-9, depression-related personality traits by TACS-22 and resilience by TRS). Results: Regional comparison showed significant differences in SRB and social anxiety. People in epidemic areas tend to refrain from going out. Conversely, people in non-epidemic areas tend to shun the public eye. Regardless of epidemic status, proactive SRB was associated with higher motivation for SRB, higher social anxiety, higher depressive tendency, stronger COVID-19-related psychological factors and lower resilience. Moreover, people with proactive SRB in non-epidemic areas had the highest depressive tendency. Discussion: The present cross-sectional survey among office workers in Japan showed that people with proactive SRB have stronger COVID-19-related anxiety and depressive feelings, regardless of where they live. Our key finding is that people with proactive SRB in non-epidemic areas have the highest depressive tendency. Based on the present finding, we herein propose the following hypothesis: Higher levels of depressive tendency may enhance proactive SRB, which may be partly associated with higher levels of stigma, anxiety and depressive feelings related to COVID-19. Limitations: The general tendencies to avoid danger and stigma were not evaluated. Conclusions: Depressive tendency is suggested to be associated with proactive SRB against COVID-19. Intervention for depressive tendency in non-clinical settings (e.g., workplaces) may help citizens understand the infectious situation appropriately and to behave effectively during the pandemic. Further investigations should be conducted to clarify the present findings.

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Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 94%

Association between Self-Restraint Behavior, Stigma and Depressive Tendency in Office Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan—Self-Restraint Behavior and Depression during the COVID-19

Katsuki

Kubo

Yamakawa

et al. 2021

Psychiatry International

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“…In addition, psychiatric diagnostic interviews based on the DSM‐5/ICD‐11 should be conducted due to high comorbidity of psychiatric disorders, and those under the threshold levels should also be evaluated. Psychometrics, especially to grasp personality, attachment, and Internet addiction tendency, are recommended . To assess behavioral characteristics, economic games, especially trust games, can evaluate unconscious decision‐making and consequently estimate interpersonal relationships .…”

Section: Therapeutic Approaches For Hikikomorimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychometrics, especially to grasp personality, attachment, and Internet addiction tendency, are recommended. [121][122][123][124][125] To assess behavioral characteristics, economic games, especially trust games, can evaluate unconscious decision-making and consequently estimate interpersonal relationships. 126 Biological assessments, including blood tests, and brain functional analysis, such as electroencephalography, may help to understand the biological bases of hikikomori.…”

Section: Home Visitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hikikomori : Multidimensional understanding, assessment, and future international perspectives

Kato

Kanba

Teo

2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

182

271

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Hikikomori, a severe form of social withdrawal, has long been observed in Japan mainly among youth and adolescents since around the 1970s, and has been especially highlighted since the late 1990s. Moreover, hikikomori‐like cases have recently been reported in many other countries. Hikikomori negatively influences not only the individual's mental health and social participation, but also wider education and workforce stability, and as such is a novel urgent global issue. In this review, we introduce the history, definition, diagnostic evaluation, and interventions for hikikomori and also the international prevalence of hikikomori outside Japan. We propose a hypothesis regarding the globalization of hikikomori based on domestic and international perspectives. In addition, we introduce our latest assessment system for hikikomori (including the latest version of the ‘proposed diagnostic criteria of hikikomori for the future DSM/ICD diagnostic systems’) and propose therapeutic strategies, including family approaches and individualized therapies. Finally, we present future challenges that may lead to solutions for an internationalized hikikomori.

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“…Using a database of 111 healthy volunteers, we have already shown that Anxious Temperament scores rated using the TEMPS‐A and Harm Avoidance scores rated using the TCI were significantly and positively associated with each other after adjustment of relevant factors using multiple regression analyses, and that anxious temperament may be associated with ‘depressive proneness’ whereas harm avoidance may be associated with ‘passive proneness.’…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a database of 111 healthy volunteers, we have already shown that Anxious Temperament scores rated using the TEMPS-A and Harm Avoidance scores rated using the TCI were significantly and positively associated with each other after adjustment of relevant factors using multiple regression analyses, and that anxious temperament may be associated with 'depressive proneness' whereas harm avoidance may be associated with 'passive proneness.' 3 Another intriguing association is that between hyperthymic temperament and self-directedness and/or self-transcendence. Hyperthymic temperament is characterized by terms such as 'cheerful,' 'overoptimistic, ' 'overtalkative,' 'warm,' 'people-seeking,' 'extroverted,' 'overconfident,' 'self-assured,' and 'high energy level.'…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between hyperthymic temperament, self‐directedness, and self‐transcendence in medical students and staff members

Kobayashi

Terao

Shirahama

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

Self Cite

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Aim We aimed to investigate the hypotheses that hyperthymic temperament may be positively associated with self‐directedness and self‐transcendence with adjustment for relevant factors. Methods Using the database of our previous studies, the data from 111 healthy subjects with scores for both the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire were secondarily used for the present study. Results Hyperthymic Temperament scores were significantly and positively associated with Self‐Transcendence scores, but not with Self‐Directedness scores, following adjustment for relevant factors. Despite the lack of association between self‐transcendence and self‐directedness, cooperativeness was significantly and positively associated with self‐transcendence and self‐directedness, but not with hyperthymic temperament. Moreover, despite the lack of association between hyperthymic temperament and self‐directedness, harm avoidance was significantly and negatively associated with hyperthymic temperament and self‐directedness, but not with self‐transcendence. Conclusion The present findings suggest that hyperthymic temperament may be positively associated with self‐transcendence, but not with self‐directedness. Moreover, hyperthymic temperament may be, a selfish and reckless trait, self‐transcendence may be altruistic and not reckless, and self‐directedness may be altruistic but reckless.

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Relationship between anxious temperament and harm avoidance in medical students and staff

Abstract: These findings support our hypothesis and suggest that anxious temperament may have 'depressive proneness' whereas harm avoidance may have 'passive proneness.'

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Association between Self-Restraint Behavior, Stigma and Depressive Tendency in Office Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan—Self-Restraint Behavior and Depression during the COVID-19

Association between Self-Restraint Behavior, Stigma and Depressive Tendency in Office Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan—Self-Restraint Behavior and Depression during the COVID-19

Hikikomori : Multidimensional understanding, assessment, and future international perspectives

Relationship between hyperthymic temperament, self‐directedness, and self‐transcendence in medical students and staff members

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