Relationship between blood group and risk of infection and death in COVID-19: a live meta-analysis

Pourali, Fatemeh; Afshari, Mahdi; Alizadeh‐Navaei, Reza; Javidnia, Javad; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Hessami, Amirhossein

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100743

Cited by 62 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Thus, ORs for blood group O ranged from 0.53 to 0.9 and ORs for non-O blood groups ranged from 1.12 to 3.7. Meta-analyses of the earliest available data have already been conducted, confirming the effect [ 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ].…”

Section: Studies Linking Abo Blood Types To Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 77%

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

Pendu

Breiman

Rocher

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Since the emergence of COVID-19, many publications have reported associations with ABO blood types. Despite between-study discrepancies, an overall consensus has emerged whereby blood group O appears associated with a lower risk of COVID-19, while non-O blood types appear detrimental. Two major hypotheses may explain these findings: First, natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies could be partially protective against SARS-CoV-2 virions carrying blood group antigens originating from non-O individuals. Second, O individuals are less prone to thrombosis and vascular dysfunction than non-O individuals and therefore could be at a lesser risk in case of severe lung dysfunction. Here, we review the literature on the topic in light of these hypotheses. We find that between-study variation may be explained by differences in study settings and that both mechanisms are likely at play. Moreover, as frequencies of ABO phenotypes are highly variable between populations or geographical areas, the ABO coefficient of variation, rather than the frequency of each individual phenotype is expected to determine impact of the ABO system on virus transmission. Accordingly, the ABO coefficient of variation correlates with COVID-19 prevalence. Overall, despite modest apparent risk differences between ABO subtypes, the ABO blood group system might play a major role in the COVID-19 pandemic when considered at the population level.

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Section: Studies Linking Abo Blood Types To Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 77%

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

Pendu

Breiman

Rocher

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…The results are inconsistent. However, it seems that the risk of COVID-19 is positively associated with A blood group compared with O phenotype [ 17 , 18 , 24 , 26 , 28 ]. Our present finding, confirmed the relationship of ABO genetic system with susceptibility to COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with ABO and Rh blood groups: a case-control study from Afghanistan

Saify¹,

Alborz²,

Saadat

2021

Egypt J Med Hum Genet

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Background There are preliminary studies about the association between COVID-19 and ABO phenotypes and the results are controversial. There are only two studies which investigated the association of Rh blood groups in addition to ABO with COVID-19; however, in the statistical analysis ABO and Rh blood groups have been considered separately. Therefore, the present case-control study was performed to determine the association of COVID-19 with ABO blood groups considering the Rh blood groups simultaneously. The study was conducted in Kunduz COVID-19 treatment specific center, Spin-Zar Hospital (Kunduz Province, North East Afghanistan). A total of 301 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 1039 healthy blood donors as control group were included in the study. Results The Rh− phenotype strongly increased the risk of COVID-19 (OR = 2.97, 95% CI 1.86–3.89, P < 0.001). Although blood group A increased the risk of developing COVID-19, the association did not reach statistical significance. In analysis of the combination phenotypes, the A− blood group remarkably increased the risk of COVID-19 (OR = 7.24, 95% CI 3.62–14.4, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the interaction of Rh and ABO is significant (P < 0.013). Conclusion These findings indicate that susceptibility to COVID-19 is strongly associated with A− blood group.

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“…On the contrary, no association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 was found in French and Spanish patients [8,13]. However, in a meta-analysis study, it was emphasized that individuals of group A are at greater risk of developing COVID-19 while those of group O were at lower risk [11]. Further meta-analysis suggested that individuals of group A may be more susceptible to COVID-19, while individuals of group O may have a lower risk of developing the disease.…”

Section: Allele Frequencies Of Abo Blood Groupsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Some biological determinants of the host have also been considered as prominent markers associated with susceptibility to COVID-19. Among these determinants, ABO blood groups have recently been introduced as important predisposing factors in the development of infection [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to COVID-19: profile of age and gender in Iraqi patients

Ad’hiah

Abdullah

Alsudani

et al. 2020

Egypt J Med Hum Genet

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Background A case-control study was performed to examine age, gender, and ABO blood groups in 1014 Iraqi hospitalized cases with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 901 blood donors (control group). The infection was molecularly diagnosed by detecting coronavirus RNA in nasal swabs of patients. Results Mean age was significantly elevated in cases compared to controls (48.2 ± 13.8 vs. 29.9 ± 9.0 year; probability [p] < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated the predictive significance of age in COVID-19 evolution (Area under curve = 0.858; 95% CI: 0.841 – 0.875; p < 0.001). Males outnumbered females in cases (60.4 vs. 39.6%) and controls (56 vs. 44%). Stratification by age group (< 30, 30 – 39, 40 – 49 and ≥ 50 years) revealed that 48.3% of cases clustered in the age group ≥ 50 years. ABO blood group analysis showed that group A was the most common among cases, while group O was the most common among controls (35.5 and 36.7%, respectively). Blood groups A (35.5 vs. 32.7; corrected p [pc] = 0.021), A+AB (46.3 vs. 41.7%; pc = 0.021) and A+B+AB (68.0 vs. 63.3%; pc = 0.007) showed significantly elevated frequencies in cases compared to controls. Logistic regression analysis estimated odds ratios (ORs) of 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16 - 2.02), 1.48 (95% CI: 1.14 - 1.93) and 1.50 (95% CI: 1.17 - 1.82) for blood groups A, A+AB and A+B+AB, respectively. Blood group frequencies showed no significant differences between age groups of cases or controls. Regarding gender, male cases were marked with increased frequency of group A (39.9 vs. 28.9%) and decreased frequency of group O (25.9 vs. 41.0%) compared to female cases. Independent re-analysis of ABO blood groups in male and female cases demonstrated that group A was increased in male cases compared to male controls (39.9 vs. 33.1%; OR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.24 - 2.21; pc = 0.006). On the contrary, no significant differences were found between females of cases and controls. Conclusions The study results indicated that blood group A may be associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19, particularly in males.

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Relationship between blood group and risk of infection and death in COVID-19: a live meta-analysis

Cited by 62 publications

References 28 publications

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data

Susceptibility to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with ABO and Rh blood groups: a case-control study from Afghanistan

Association between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to COVID-19: profile of age and gender in Iraqi patients

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