Relationship between Egg Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Ding, Jun; Zhang, Y

doi:10.1007/s12603-022-1765-0

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, this is not the case. The only SRMA found for this topic summarised 19 PCS in 331,667 young to middle aged participants, finding that higher egg consumption was associated with a significant 8% reduction in risk of MetS [ 68 ]. The authors noted that 17 of these studies were conducted in Asia and may not be representative of other global populations.…”

Section: Results: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eggs: Healthy or Risky? A Review of Evidence from High Quality Studies on Hen’s Eggs

Myers¹,

Ruxton²

2023

Nutrients

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Hen’s eggs (from Gallus gallus domesticus) provide choline, folate, vitamin D, iodine, B vitamins and high-quality protein and are no longer viewed by national bodies as a risk factor for hypercholesterolaemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Yet, questions remain about the benefits and risks of eating eggs regularly. This review evaluates recent high-quality evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) and meta-analyses of observational studies and considers new areas of interest, such as weight management, protein metabolism, allergy risk and sustainability. In several RCT, eggs increased muscle protein synthesis and lowered fat mass, which could support optimal body composition. Eggs within a meal improved satiety, which could translate into lower energy intakes, although more RCT are needed. In observational studies, higher egg consumption was associated with a null effect or a modest reduced risk of CVD. For type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence and risk of CVD in people with T2D, there were inconsistencies between observational and RCT data, with the former noting positive associations and the latter seeing no effect of higher egg intake on markers of T2D and CVD. Sustainability metrics suggest that eggs have the lowest planetary impact amongst animal proteins. To lower allergy risk, earlier introduction of eggs into weaning diets is warranted. In conclusion, the balance of evidence points to eggs being a nutritious food suggesting there are broad health benefits from including eggs in the diet at intakes higher than that currently consumed by European populations.

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Section: Results: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eggs: Healthy or Risky? A Review of Evidence from High Quality Studies on Hen’s Eggs

Myers¹,

Ruxton²

2023

Nutrients

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“…Additionally, the elevated ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in fish has been proposed to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by reducing proinflammatory cytokines, and to exert beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, vascular function, and blood clotting [ 42 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Furthermore, egg white hydrolysate was able to augment insulin sensitivity and mitigate abdominal obesity [ 13 ]. The HDL in egg yolk might contribute to the amelioration in dyslipidemia by influencing fatty acid metabolism [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, egg white hydrolysate was able to augment insulin sensitivity and mitigate abdominal obesity [ 13 ]. The HDL in egg yolk might contribute to the amelioration in dyslipidemia by influencing fatty acid metabolism [ 13 ]. Additionally, phospholipids derived from eggs have been associated with improvements in endothelial vasodilatory function, as well as reductions in waist-to-hip ratio and systolic blood pressure [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evidence was based on previous studies focused on the associations between dietary habits and MetS. For example, in previous meta-analyses, the pooled RRs (95% CIs) of MetS for the highest vs. lowest intake categories were 0.81 (0.75–0.88) for fruits [ 9 ], 0.89 (0.85–0.93) for vegetables [ 9 ], 0.80 (0.72–0.88) for dairy products [ 11 ], 0.88 (0.81–0.96) for fish [ 12 ], 0.92 (0.88–0.96) for eggs [ 13 ], 1.20 (1.06–1.35) for red meats [ 12 ], and 1.35 (1.18–1.54) for processed meats [ 15 ]. Furthermore, a Korean cohort study indicated that compared to women in the lowest quintile for intake of soy protein, those in the highest quintile had a reduced MetS incidence [ 10 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between sleep duration and MetS followed a J-shaped pattern, as revealed by a meta-analysis [ 8 ]. Moreover, numerous studies reported significant relationships between MetS and dietary habits, including both inverse associations (e.g., fruits and vegetables [ 9 ], soy protein [ 10 ], dairy products [ 11 ], fish [ 12 ], eggs [ 13 ], and pickled vegetables [ 14 ]) and positive correlations (e.g., red meats [ 12 ], processed meats [ 15 ], and cake [ 16 , 17 ]). Other MetS-related lifestyles encompassed alcohol [ 18 ], stress [ 19 ], and fatigue [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Influence of Eight Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome Incidence: A Prospective Cohort Study from the MECH-HK Study

Deng,

Ngai,

Qin

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Although previous studies have shown significant associations between individual lifestyles and metabolic syndrome, limited studies have explored the combined effect of lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a combined lifestyle score was associated with metabolic syndrome incidence in Hong Kong Chinese women. This prospective cohort study included 1634 women (55.9 ± 8.6 years) without baseline metabolic syndrome, diabetes, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Eight lifestyle factors (smoking, physical activity, sedentary time, sleep, stress, fatigue, diet, and alcohol) were included by assigning 0 (unhealthy) or 1 point (healthy). The overall score was the sum of these points, ranging from 0 (the least healthy) to 8 points (the healthiest). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by the joint interim statement. During a 1.16-year follow-up, 179 (11.0%) new metabolic syndrome cases were identified. The incidences for the 0–3-point, 4-point, 5-point, and 6–8-point groups were 12.8% (79/618), 11.5% (42/366), 9.4% (29/309), and 8.5% (29/341), respectively. Compared to the lowest combined lifestyle score group, the highest group had a 47% reduced metabolic syndrome incidence, with an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of 0.53 (0.33–0.86) (p = 0.010). These findings indicate that a higher combined lifestyle score was associated with a lower metabolic syndrome incidence in this population.

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Eggs – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Virtanen,

Larsson

2024

Food & Nutrition Research

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer are a significant public health burden in the Nordic and Baltic countries. High intake of eggs, mainly due to its high cholesterol content, has been suggested to have adverse health effects. The purpose of this scoping review is to describe the evidence related to the impact of egg intake on health. A literature search identified 38 systematic reviews and meta-analyses on egg consumption in relation to health outcomes published between 2011 and 30 April 2022. Overall, current evidence from systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials indicates that higher egg intake may increase serum total cholesterol concentration and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but with substantial heterogeneity in the response. However, recent evidence from observational studies does not provide strong support for a detrimental role of moderate egg consumption (up to one egg/day) on the risk of CVD, especially in the European studies. The overall evidence from observational studies indicates that egg consumption is not associated with increased risk of mortality or T2D in European study populations. There is also little support for a role of egg consumption in cancer development, although a weak association with higher risk of certain cancers has been found in some studies, mainly case–control studies. Again, no associations with cancer risk have been observed in European studies. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of egg consumption in relation to other health-related outcomes are scarce. There are also limited data available on the associations between the consumption of more than one egg/day and risk of diseases. Based on the available evidence, one egg/day is unlikely to adversely affect overall disease risk.

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Relationship between Egg Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Eggs: Healthy or Risky? A Review of Evidence from High Quality Studies on Hen’s Eggs

Eggs: Healthy or Risky? A Review of Evidence from High Quality Studies on Hen’s Eggs

Combined Influence of Eight Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Syndrome Incidence: A Prospective Cohort Study from the MECH-HK Study

Eggs – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

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