Relationship between liver and low rumen pH in goat

Xie, Zheng; Jiang, Xueyuan; Ye, P; Zhang, Y; Ni, Yingdong; Zhuang, Songlin; Shen, Xiang

doi:10.4238/2015.january.16.4

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The gradual decline in pH for T 2 animals was expected. This is also in line with earlier conclusions made by Xie et al (2015) and Calsmiglia et al (2002) who concluded that feeding ruminants with concentrate diets reduces ruminal pH. In the current study as pH declines, the total amount of VFA in the undissociated state increases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

Washaya¹,

Tavirimirwa²,

Namilonga³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Livest. Prod.

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The abundance of poultry litter in most farms in the sub-Saharan Africa is becoming an environmental problem. The objective of this study is to evaluate the proximate value, in-vitro digestibility of dried poultry manure (DPM) and its subsequent effect on growth, pH, and volatile fatty acid production of indigenous goats in Zimbabwe. Eighteen goats were randomly allocated to two treatment diets: grazing veld grass plus ad libitum browsing of Luecaena leucocephala (T1) and 25% dry poultry manure plus 75% maize meal (MM) (T2), in a completely randomised design. Three samples of 2 g each T 1 and T 2 diets were subjected to standard procedures, for proximate analysis; a two stage Tilley and Terry was used to evaluate dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility of the diets. The results show no significant differences between treatment diets for DM, ether extract (EE) and Ash; however T 1 had higher (P<0.05) CP, ADF and CF compared to T 2. The NDF content of T 2 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than T 1. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in DM and OM digestibility between treatments; T 1 showed higher DM and OM digestibility compared to T 2. Diet and sex of animals significantly (P< 0.05) influenced DMI, ADG and total gain (TG). Male animals in the control diet consumed more feed, gained more per day and showed the highest growth rate compared to female animals (P<0.05). The rumen liquor pH for animals in T 1 was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to T 2; however the sex of animal did not influence overall pH of rumen liquor (P>0.05). Diet and sex of animals significantly influenced (P<0.05) the total VFA production. Male animals in T 2 exhibited the highest (P<0.05) total VFAs. In conclusion, although there were some nutrient inadequacies (ash, ADF) in poultry manure feed, it can support goat production at a marginal scale and positively influence pH and VFA production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

Washaya¹,

Tavirimirwa²,

Namilonga³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Livest. Prod.

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“…This result indicates that the NF-κB signaling pathway may mediate oxidative stress-induced hepatic injury and that Nrf2 is downregulated due to crosstalk with NF-κB in a high-grain diet (Li et al, 2013). However, among the survival genes encoded by Nrf2, 5 genes were downregulated, including NQO1, UGT1A1, MT1E, MGST3 (Xie et al, 2015), and MT1A, whereas other survival genes, including TXNRD1, HMOX2, SRXN1, and MT2A, were not affected by the diet. It is known that mild oxidative stress induces Nrf2, a transcription factor implicated in the activation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, and that moderate amounts of ROS trigger an inflammatory response through the activation of NF-κB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Lipopolysaccharide derived from the digestive tract provokes oxidative stress in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-grain diet

Abaker

Jin

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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The aims of this study were to measure oxidative stress parameters and to investigate the molecular mechanism triggered by grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis in mid-lactation cows. Twelve Holstein-Friesian cows with an average weight of 455±28kg were divided into 2 groups and subjected to 2 diets over 18wk: either a low-grain (forage-to-concentrate ratio=6:4) or a high-grain (forage-to-concentrate ratio=4:6) diet based on dry matter. Being fed a long-term high-grain diet resulted in a significant decrease in rumen pH and a significant increase in ruminal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 4 h postfeeding in the morning. The increase was also observed in LPS concentrations in the portal vein, hepatic vein, and jugular vein blood plasma as well as reduced milk yield in a high-grain diet. Cows fed a high-grain diet had lower levels of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and total antioxidant capacity than cows fed a low-grain diet; however, super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher in both the liver and the plasma of high-grain than in low-grain cows. Positive correlations were observed between plasma LPS versus hepatic MDA, plasma MDA, and hepatic SOD activity, whereas hepatic GPx and plasma GPx were negatively correlated with plasma LPS. The relative mRNA abundances of GPX1 and CAT were significantly lower in the liver of cows fed a high-grain diet than those fed a low-grain diet, whereas SOD1 was significantly higher in cows fed a high-grain diet than cows fed a low-grain diet. The expression levels of Nrf2, NQO1, MT1E, UGT1A1, MGST3, and MT1A were downregulated, whereas NF-kB was upregulated, in cows fed a high-grain diet. Furthermore, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) total protein and mRNA levels were significantly lower than in low-grains. Our results demonstrate the relationship between the translocated LPS and the suppression of cellular antioxidant defense capacity, which lead to increased oxidative stress and suggests that the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response may be affected by higher levels of LPS translocated to the bloodstream.

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“…The reaction conditions were as follows: 5 min at 95°C, 40 cycles of 40 s at 94°C and 40 s at 60°C, followed by a final extension at 72°C for 10 min. The final data were recorded, and the comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method was used to calculate the amount of target mRNA normalized to GADPH and relative to an internal control by 2 -∆∆Ct method (Xie, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Characterization Of Adhesion and Reverse Transcriptase (Rt)-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mRNA expression level was determined as previously described (Bionaz and Loor, 2011). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed using a Bio-Rad MyiQ™ Detection System (Applied Biosystems, USA) as previously described (Xie et al, 2015). The nucleotide sequences of adhesion factor were used for primer design and search in the European Bioinformatics Institute database (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/).…”

Section: Characterization Of Adhesion and Reverse Transcriptase (Rt)-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal lactic acid bacteria from Muscovy duck as potential probiotics that alter adhesion factor gene expression

Xie¹,

Bai²,

Xie³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Muscovy duck as a potential probiotic. Isolates were identified by targeted polymerase chain reaction and assessed in vitro for probiotic characteristics such as autoaggregation; surface-charge; hydrophobicity; tolerance to acidic pH, bile salts and protease; and expression of genes involved in Caco-2 cell adhesion. The LAB isolates exhibited strong resistance to high bile concentration and acidic pH, produced lactic acid, and bacteriostatic (P < 0.05) were identified as bacilli compared with LAB isolates of cocci. Additionally, the LAB isolates showed high sensitivity to penicillin and tetracycline antibiotics, while they were resistant to ofloxacin, Macrodantin, and cotrimoxazole. The level of F-actin mRNA increased in the groups treated with CM3, Salmonella enterica, and CM3 + S. enterica (P < 0.0001, P < 0.05 and P < 0.05 ). The level of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) and E-cadherin (E-cad) mRNA expression was significantly lower in the treatment group (P < 0.05 for both) than in the control. The F-actin, CAM, and E-cad mRNA levels were significantly lower in the S. enterica and CM3 + S. enterica groups (P < 0.01) than in the CM3 group. Among these, RNA levels were higher in the CM3 + S. enterica than S. enterica group. These results indicate that the natural duck gut microflora is an excellent source for probiotic bacteria and can facilitate the establishment of criteria to select probiotic strains for the prevention of diarrhea.

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Relationship between liver and low rumen pH in goat

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe

Lipopolysaccharide derived from the digestive tract provokes oxidative stress in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-grain diet

Intestinal lactic acid bacteria from Muscovy duck as potential probiotics that alter adhesion factor gene expression

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