Relationship between maternal plasma progesterone concentration and interferon-tau synthesis by the conceptus in cattle

Kerbler, T. L.; Buhr, M.M.; Jordan, Lorne T.; Leslie, K.E.; Walton, J.S.

doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(97)00028-9

Cited by 129 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Most studies have used administration on Day 5 after oestrus with the aim of inducing the ovulation of a dominant follicle and the formation of an accessory CL. In a recent study from our group (Rizos et al 2012), as well as in the study of Kerbler et al (1997), P4 concentrations diverged significantly from the control 2-3 days after hCG administration, indicating a trophic effect on the endogenous CL in addition to the formation of an accessory structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Paradoxical effect of supplementary progesterone between Day 3 and Day 7 on corpus luteum function and conceptus development in cattle

O'Hara¹,

Forde²,

Carter³

et al. 2014

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of short-term progesterone (P4) supplementation during the early metoestrous period on circulating P4 concentrations and conceptus development in cattle. The oestrous cycles of cross-bred beef heifers were synchronised using a 7-day P4-releasing intravaginal device (PRIDÒ Delta; 1.55 g P4) treatment with administration of a prostaglandin F 2a analogue (Enzaprost; CEVA Sante Animale) the day before PRIDÒ Delta removal. Only those heifers recorded in standing oestrus (Day 0) were used. In Experiment 1, heifers were randomly assigned to one of five groups: (1) control: no treatment; (2) placebo: insertion of a blank device (no P4) from Day 3 to Day 7; (3) insertion of a PRIDÒ Delta from Day 3 to Day 7; (4) insertion of a PRIDÒ Delta from Day 3 to Day 5; or (5) insertion of a PRIDÒ Delta from Day 5 to Day 7. In vitro-produced blastocysts were transferred to each heifer in Groups 2-5 on Day 7 (n ¼ 10 blastocysts per heifer) and conceptuses were recovered when heifers were killed on Day 14. Based on the outcome of Experiment 1, in Experiment 2 heifers were artificially inseminated at oestrus and randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: (1) placebo; (2) PRID from Day 3 to Day 5; or (3) PRID from Day 3 to Day 7. All heifers were killed on Day 16 and recovered conceptuses were incubated in synthetic oviducal fluid medium for 24 h; spent media and uterine flushes were analysed for interferon-t (IFNT). In both experiments, daily blood samples were taken to determined serum P4 concentrations. Data were analysed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). Insertion of a PRID resulted in an increase (P , 0.05) in serum P4 that declined following removal. In Experiment 1, P4 supplementation from Day 3 to Day 5 (17.0 AE 1.4 mm) or Day 3 to Day 7 (11.3 AE 2.3 mm) increased conceptus length compared with placebo (2.1 AE 1.8 mm). Serum P4 was significantly lower from Day 9 to Day 14 (P , 0.05) and the weight of the Day 14 corpus luteum (CL) was lower in the PRID Day 3-7 group than the placebo or control groups. In Experiment 2, supplementation from Day 3 to Day 5 (94.0 AE 18.8 mm) or Day 3 to Day 7 (143.6 AE 20.6 mm) increased conceptus length on Day 16 compared with placebo (50.3 AE 17.4 mm). Serum P4 was significantly lower in the two supplemented groups following PRID removal compared with placebo (P , 0.05) and was associated with a lower CL weight in the Day 3-7 group. Conceptus length was strongly correlated with the IFNT concentration in the uterine flush (r ¼ 0.58; P ¼ 0.011) and spent culture medium (r ¼ 0.68; P , 0.002). The findings of the present study highlight the somewhat paradoxical effects of P4 supplementation when given in the early metoestrous period in terms of its positive effect on conceptus development and its potentially negative effects on CL lifespan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Paradoxical effect of supplementary progesterone between Day 3 and Day 7 on corpus luteum function and conceptus development in cattle

O'Hara¹,

Forde²,

Carter³

et al. 2014

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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“…Progesterone affects the volume of uterine secretions (Garrett et al, 1988) and the rate of conceptus development (Garrett et al, 1988;Green et al, 2005) as well as the ability of embryos to produce the luteolysis inhibitor interferon-tau (IFN-t) (Garrett et al, 1988;Kerbler et al, 1997;Mann et al, 2006) and the timing and strength of PGF2a (Mann and Lamming, 1995;Mann et al, 1998). The rationale for progesterone supplementation in animals with low postovulatory progesterone concentrations is to create an embryotrophic environment allowing the embryo to grow, develop and survive, until, for example, it is capable of preventing luteolysis by secretion of the luteotrophin, INF-t ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Progesteronementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of progesterone on embryo survival

Morris

Diskin

2008

Animal

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Increased genetic selection over the past 40 years has resulted in a dairy cow with an improved biological efficiency for producing milk but with an associated reduced fertility. Embryo loss is the greatest factor contributing to the failure of a cow to conceive. The extent and timing of embryo loss indicates that 70% to 80% of this loss occurs in the first 2 weeks after artificial insemination (AI). This is the period when a number of critical phases in embryo development occur and where protein accretion, substrate utilization and embryo metabolism increase dramatically. During this time the early embryo is completely dependent on the oviduct and uterine environment for its survival and it is likely that the embryo requires an optimal uterine environment to ensure normal growth and viability. There is increasing evidence of an association between the concentration of systemic progesterone and early embryo loss and that progesterone supplementation of cows, particularly those with low progesterone, can reduce this loss. While progesterone is known to affect uterine function and embryo growth, little is known about the uterus during the period of early embryo loss and how this is affected by changes in the concentration of systemic progesterone. The expression of uterine genes encoding the transport protein retinol binding protein (RBP) and the gene for folate binding protein (FBP) appear to be sensitive to changes in systemic progesterone, particularly during the early luteal phase of the cycle. Uterine concentrations of proteins also seem to be regulated by stage of cycle; however, their relationship with the systemic concentration of progesterone is unclear. There is an urgent need to characterize the uterine environment from a functional perspective during the early part of the luteal phase of the cycle, particularly in the high-producing cow, in order to understand the factors contributing to early embryo loss and in order to devise strategies to minimize or reduce this loss.

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“…IFN-τ production (Kerbler et al 1997). Alternatively, the lower conception rate in cows with lower plasma progesterone concentrations might have resulted from the development of a stronger luteolytic signal (Mann and Lamming 1995).…”

Section: Inadequate CL Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle

Bilodeau‐Goeseels¹,

Kastelic²

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Bilodeau-Goeseels, S. and Kastelic, J. P. 2003. Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 659-671. Embryonic mortality in cattle is the death of the conceptus before Day 42 of pregnancy. Estimates of embryonic mortality varied greatly, ranging from 10 to 40% in first-service cattle to 65% in repeat-breeder cows. This paper reviews endogenous causes of embryonic mortality, including chromosomal abnormalities, inadequate corpus luteum function and the influence of follicular development on fertility. External causes of embryonic mortality, including heat stress and nutrition, are also reviewed; these factors act by modifying the follicular environment (thereby affecting oocyte quality) or by creating a hostile uterine environment. Strategies to reduce embryonic mortality, including good management practices and supplementation with progesterone or interferon-tau, are discussed. From a practical perspective, improved knowledge of the causes of embryonic mortality and regulation of follicular growth and corpus luteum function should result in the development of improved, cost-effective hormonal regimes that effectively synchronize estrus and ovulation and reduce embryonic mortality, thereby benefiting the cattle industry.Key words: Cattle, reproduction, fertility, embryo development, embryo mortality Bilodeau-Goeseels, S. et Kastelic, J. P. 2003. Les facteurs affectant la survie de l'embryon et les stratégies pour réduire la mortalité embryonnaire chez la vache. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 659-671. Chez la vache, la mortalité embryonnaire se définie comme étant la perte de l'embryon avant le Jour 42 de la gestation. Les estimations de la mortalité embryonnaire varient grandement, allant de 10 à 40 % chez les vaches à fertilité normale jusqu'à 65 % chez les vaches à fertilité réduite. L'article que voiçi examine les causes endogènes de la mortalité embryonnaire incluant les anomalies chromosomales, le fonctionnement inadéquat du corpus luteum ainsi que l'influence du développement folliculaire sur la fertilité. Des causes externes telles que le stress thermique et la nutrition sont aussi passées en revue; ces facteurs agissent en modifiant l'environnement folliculaire ce qui conduit à une diminution de la qualité de l'ovocyte; ou en créant un environnement utérin hostile pour l'embryon. Des stratégies pour réduire la mortalité embryonnaire telles que la bonne gestion et la supplémentation avec de la progestérone ou de l'interféron-tau sont aussi discutées. Du point de vue pratique, l'augmentation des connaissances sur les causes de la mortalité embryonnaire ainsi que sur la régulation de la croissance folliculaire et du fonctionnement du corpus luteum permettra le développement de régimes hormonaux améliorés et économiques produisant des hauts niveaux de synchronization de l'estrus et/ou de l'ovulation et qui réduiront la mortalité embryonnaire, ce don't bénéficieront les industries laitières et bovines. Mots clés:Bovin, reproduction, fertilité, dévelo...

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Relationship between maternal plasma progesterone concentration and interferon-tau synthesis by the conceptus in cattle

Cited by 129 publications

References 38 publications

Paradoxical effect of supplementary progesterone between Day 3 and Day 7 on corpus luteum function and conceptus development in cattle

Paradoxical effect of supplementary progesterone between Day 3 and Day 7 on corpus luteum function and conceptus development in cattle

Effect of progesterone on embryo survival

Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle

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