Relationship between Olsen P and Ammonium Lactate–Extractable P in Portuguese Acid Soils

Horta, Carmo; Roboredo, M.; Coutinho, João; Torrent, J.

doi:10.1080/00103624.2010.508296

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similar critical boundary levels data have been published by Wang [80] and the range 29-36 mg/kg was published by Hu [81]. The 40 mg/kg level is equivalent to 3.6 mgP/100 g using the P-AL method [82]. This means that both class I and II P-AL soils represent safe levels (class I contains up to 2 and class II between 2 and 4 mgP/100 g soil, respectively).…”

Section: Determining Safe Levels Of P Loading From Manuresupporting

confidence: 81%

Phosphorus Flows, Surpluses, and N/P Agronomic Balancing When Using Manure from Pig and Poultry Farms

2021

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The pig and poultry industries continue to grow across the world and together they provide the majority of meat consumed. The European Union (EU) in particular has the highest global relative meat production by monogastrics (i.e., pig and poultry). The fate of phosphorus (P) in pig and poultry farming was studied, accounting for P content in feed, animals, manure, soil, and runoff. P input from manure, and P offtake in crops receiving manure, were plotted against each other to arrive at “safe” P loading rates, in order to minimize soil P surpluses along the lines of the EU Nitrogen Expert Panel in their work with nitrogen (N). However, it was observed that it is the N/P ratio and the background soil P levels that determine whether a certain manure will end up producing surplus levels of soil P. Critical N/P weight ratios were derived over different crop P offtake rates when applying stored manure to croplands. At spreading rates of 170 and 250 kgN/ha/year and a crop P offtake of 15 or 30 kgP/ha/year, stored pig and chicken manure result in soil P surpluses. An important factor in determining effective N/P ratios is the plant availability of N in stored manure, which runs at around 47%, estimated from previously published results. The minimization of N losses to the atmosphere and to groundwater in housing, storage, and spreading of manure has a major impact on the N/P weight ratio of the manure that ends up on fields. In most cases, half of the ex-animal N content has been lost in stored or degraded manure, with N/P weight ratios running at two and less. Following only the EU Nitrates Directive, which allows for a maximum of 170 kgN/ha/year in NVZs (Nitrate Vulnerable Zones), will often result in soil P surpluses leading to runoff losses to adjacent water bodies. Therefore, for the pig and poultry industries to continue thriving, measures are required to better manage manure, including improved storage and spreading techniques, acidification, separation, struvite extraction and ammonia stripping of pig slurry, and drying and pelleting of poultry litter. This way, excess manure and derived biofertilizers from animal farms can find their way back into the commercial market, instead of ending up as legacy P in watersheds and coastal zones.

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Section: Determining Safe Levels Of P Loading From Manuresupporting

confidence: 81%

Phosphorus Flows, Surpluses, and N/P Agronomic Balancing When Using Manure from Pig and Poultry Farms

2021

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“…Two different extraction methods were used to measure dissolved P: ammonium lactate-acetic acid (ALA) extraction and the Olsen extraction. Therefore, we converted the values estimated with the ALA extraction to be comparable to those with Olsen extraction, using an empirically derived relationship [13] (Olsen-P = 2.35+0.45 ·ALA-P). The potential influence of using two different extraction methods is tested in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Nutrient-Related Plant Traits and Combinations of Soil N and P Fertility Measures

2013

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Soil fertility and nutrient-related plant functional traits are in general only moderately related, hindering the progress in trait-based prediction models of vegetation patterns. Although the relationships may have been obscured by suboptimal choices in how soil fertility is expressed, there has never been a systematic investigation into the suitability of fertility measures. This study, therefore, examined the effect of different soil fertility measures on the strength of fertility–trait relationships in 134 natural plant communities. In particular, for eight plot-mean traits we examined (1) whether different elements (N or P) have contrasting or shared influences, (2) which timescale of fertility measures (e.g. mineralization rates for one or five years) has better predictive power, and (3) if integrated fertility measures explain trait variation better than individual fertility measures. Soil N and P had large mutual effects on leaf nutrient concentrations, whereas they had element-specific effects on traits related to species composition (e.g. Grime's CSR strategy). The timescale of fertility measures only had a minor impact on fertility–trait relationships. Two integrated fertility measures (one reflecting overall fertility, another relative availability of soil N and P) were related significantly to most plant traits, but were not better in explaining trait variation than individual fertility measures. Using all fertility measures together, between-site variations of plant traits were explained only moderately for some traits (e.g. 33% for leaf N concentrations) but largely for others (e.g. 66% for whole-canopy P concentration). The moderate relationships were probably due to complex regulation mechanisms of fertility on traits, rather than to a wrong choice of fertility measures. We identified both mutual (i.e. shared) and divergent (i.e. element-specific and stoichiometric) effects of soil N and P on traits, implying the importance of explicitly considering the roles of different elements to properly interpret fertility–trait relationships.

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“…2). Nevertheless, all the plots were over fertilised with P (Olsen P > 23 mg kg −1 , Horta et al, 2010). After the 2018-2019 crop cycle without P fertilisation, it was observed a significant decrease of Olsen P in all treatments (P < 0.001).…”

Section: P Losses In Surface Runoff Watersmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The soils had a medium level of organic matter ranging between 2.8% in Ni/DS and 3.1% in Ni/CM and a high level of available K ranging between 82 in Ni/ MF and 159 mg K kg −1 in Ni/CM. All plots were over fertilised with P with high level of Olsen P ranging between 31 mg P kg −1 in Ni/MF and 87 mg P kg −1 in Ni/DS (INIAP, 2006;Horta et al, 2010). The maximum P sorption capacity of the soil was low (Q max = 95 mg P kg −1 ).…”

Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Losses to Surface Runoff Waters After Application of Digestate to a Soil Over Fertilised with Phosphorus

Horta

Carneiro

2021

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Anaerobic digestates from biogas plants can be used as agricultural fertilisers providing recycling nitrogen (N) and other nutrients for crop needs. It is still unclear the impact on phosphorus (P) losses to runoff waters of digestates as sources of N instead of inorganic N fertilisers in over fertilised soils with P. A field experiment was done in a sandy and acidic soil high in P. The experimental design was completely randomised with five treatments. The inorganic N fertilisation (90 kg ha−1) was done in four treatments, those with past P inputs of the following: (i) inorganic N and P fertilisers (Ni/MF), (ii) organic amendments (pig or duck dry slurry-Ni/PS and Ni/DS or cattle manure compost-Ni/CM). Digestate was applied in plots with past P input of cattle slurry (DG/CS) providing also 90 kg N ha−1. Ryegrass was sowed as cover crop. The concentration of total dissolved P in runoff waters was high in all treatments and ranged between 0.5 (Ni/PS) and 2.6 mg L−1 (DG/CS). These runoff waters pose a risk of non-source P pollution for fresh waters. In soils with low P sorption capacity and over fertilised with P, the fertilisation with anaerobic digestate as the only source of N to crops increased the risk of P losses to runoff waters compared with inorganic N fertilisation. Therefore, the amount of digestate applied to soil must be calculated considering its N:P ratio in order to not exceed the crop P requirement.

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Relationship between Olsen P and Ammonium Lactate–Extractable P in Portuguese Acid Soils

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Phosphorus Flows, Surpluses, and N/P Agronomic Balancing When Using Manure from Pig and Poultry Farms

Phosphorus Flows, Surpluses, and N/P Agronomic Balancing When Using Manure from Pig and Poultry Farms

Relationships between Nutrient-Related Plant Traits and Combinations of Soil N and P Fertility Measures

Phosphorus Losses to Surface Runoff Waters After Application of Digestate to a Soil Over Fertilised with Phosphorus

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