Relationship between Red blood cell parameters and immune status in HIV infected females

Vanisri, HR; Vadiraja, N

doi:10.5958/2394-6792.2016.00049.1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Many studies also suggested that total lymphocytes can adequately serve as a surrogate biomarker for predicting CD4 count progression [30][31][32]. The latent variable related to RBC indices was significantly associated with CD4 count progression, which is in agreement with findings reported in previous studies [33][34][35]. The RBC indices result also shows that it could be used as a reliable marker of the prognosis in HIV-patient and that a therapeutic approach is imperative for a patient with anemia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Modelling immune deterioration, immune recovery and state-specific duration of HIV-infected women with viral load adjustment: using parametric multistate model

et al. 2020

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Background: CD4 cell and viral load count are highly correlated surrogate markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. In modelling the progression of HIV, previous studies mostly dealt with either CD4 cell counts or viral load alone. In this work, both biomarkers are in included one model, in order to study possible factors that affect the intensities of immune deterioration, immune recovery and state-specific duration of HIVinfected women. Methods: The data is from an ongoing prospective cohort study conducted among antiretroviral treatment (ART) naïve HIV-infected women in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants were enrolled in the acute HIV infection phase, then followed-up during chronic infection up to ART initiation. Full-parametric and semiparametric Markov models were applied. Furthermore, the effect of the inclusion and exclusion viral load in the model was assessed. Results: Inclusion of a viral load component improves the efficiency of the model. The analysis results showed that patients who reported a stable sexual partner, having a higher educational level, higher physical health score and having a high mononuclear component score are more likely to spend more time in a good HIV state (particularly normal disease state). Patients with TB co-infection, with anemia, having a high liver abnormality score and patients who reported many sexual partners, had a significant increase in the intensities of immunological deterioration transitions. On the other hand, having high weight, higher education level, higher quality of life score, having high RBC parameters, high granulocyte component scores and high mononuclear component scores, significantly increased the intensities of immunological recovery transitions. Conclusion: Inclusion of both CD4 cell count based disease progression states and viral load, in the timehomogeneous Markov model, assisted in modeling the complete disease progression of HIV/AIDS. Higher quality of life (QoL) domain scores, good clinical characteristics, stable sexual partner and higher educational level were found to be predictive factors for transition and length of stay in sequential adversity of HIV/AIDS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Modelling immune deterioration, immune recovery and state-specific duration of HIV-infected women with viral load adjustment: using parametric multistate model

et al. 2020

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“…The relation of haematological parameters with CD4 count was statically significant in relation to haemoglobin and RBC count (p<0.0001). 25 Vanisri et al, (2016)also found significant correlation of RBC parameters with CD4 cell count except for red blood cell count. More incidence of anaemia was seen in patients with CD4 counts <200 as compared to those having higher CD4 counts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

A Study of Haematological Manifestations in Hiv Positive Patients- Correlation With Cd4 Count

Balla¹,

Kumar²,

Koul³

2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND HIV infection is a multisystem disease and haematological abnormalities are among the most common complications of HIV. HIV associated haematological abnormalities seem to be dependent on the level of virus replication, as these abnormalities are severe in late stage AIDS patients with high viremia. 1,2 These abnormalities reflect the underlying immune status and may be prevented or corrected by use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Haematological abnormalities such as impaired haematopoiesis, immune and non-immune mediated cytopenias, and altered coagulation have been described in patients with HIV infection/AIDS. We wanted to evaluate the various haematological parameters in HIV patients and their association with CD4 counts. METHODS One hundred HIV positive patients, symptomatic as well as asymptomatic, diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method according to the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) guidelines were included. Complete haematological profile was recorded. Relationship between CD4 counts and various haematological parameters were analysed. Association between two attributes was calculated and p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The most common haematological abnormality was anaemia, seen in 93% (n=93) of patients. Normocytic normochromic anaemia was seen in 42% of patients, which was the most common type followed by normocytic hypochromic in 25 (25%) cases. A strong association between anaemia and CD4 counts was observed. Other haematological parameters also showed corresponding low values with decreasing CD4 counts. CONCLUSIONS HIV affects virtually all organ systems, with well-known abnormalities related to hematopoietic system. Anaemia being the most common abnormality has strong correlation with CD4 counts and therefore could be used to predict the development of a more advanced disease.

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“…The finding is consistent with previous studies in South Africa [31] and Bomso Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana, [36] which indicated that a high level of hemoglobin is associated with increased CD4 counts, improved immune repair, and improved survival resulting in slower disease progression. The explanation is that a high level of hemoglobin affects the natural history of HIV by reducing the rate of progression of the disease [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of CD4 count changes over time among children who initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results in a gradual depletion of immune function, particularly CD4 cells. The CD4 assessment plays a significant role in assessing treatment responses and clinical decision-making for patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. However, new data on CD4 count changes are scarce; the volatility of CD4 counts after initiation of ART over time remains largely uncharacterized. This study aimed to identify the predictors of CD4 changes over time among HIV-infected children who began ART in Amhara, Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was performed. A total of 983 HIV-infected children who initiated ART in government hospitals in the Amhara region between 2010 and 2016 were included using a simple random sampling technique. Data were extracted using a structured checklist. An exploratory data analysis was carried out to explain individual and average profile plots. The linear mixed model was used to identify the CD4 change count predictors over time. Variables with p value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant in a multivariable linear mixed regression analysis. Results: The mean CD4 count of the participants was 465.1 cells/mm 3 with an average CD4 count increase of 30.06 cells/mm 3 over 6 months from baseline CD4 count and ART initiation. Childhood age (β = − 0.015; 95% Cl − 0.021, − 0.009), opportunistic infection at ART initiation (β = − 0.044, 95% CI − 0.085, − 0.004), hemoglobin level (β = 0.013; 95% CI 0.004, 0.022), and baseline WHO clinical stage II (β = − 0.046, 95% CI − 0.091, − 0.0003) were significant predictors of CD4 changes over time. Conclusions: The average CD4 count increase was sufficient in HIV patients who began combined antiretroviral therapy over time. The younger age of the infant, the higher baseline level of hemoglobin, the baseline WHO clinical stage II, and opportunistic infections led to changes in CD4 counts. As a result, timely diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections will reduce the risk of opportunistic infections.

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Relationship between Red blood cell parameters and immune status in HIV infected females

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Modelling immune deterioration, immune recovery and state-specific duration of HIV-infected women with viral load adjustment: using parametric multistate model

Modelling immune deterioration, immune recovery and state-specific duration of HIV-infected women with viral load adjustment: using parametric multistate model

A Study of Haematological Manifestations in Hiv Positive Patients- Correlation With Cd4 Count

Predictors of CD4 count changes over time among children who initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia

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