Relationship between sarcopenia and sleep status in female patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

Background: Sleep disorders and sarcopenia could contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which are risk factors that rapidly deteriorate cognitive functions. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep disorders in female AD patients, who have a higher prevalence than male patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep status in female patients with mild to moderate AD. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 112 female outpatients aged between 60 and 85 years. Demographic characteristics, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), grip strength, and gait speed were assessed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) assessed sleep variables. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) assessed cognitive function. Binary logistic regression models explored the relationship between sleep variables and cognitive function and sarcopenia, adjusting for potential cofounders. Results: The outpatients were divided into 36 AD patients with sarcopenia (ADSa) and 76 AD patients without sarcopenia (ADNSa), with a prevalence of 32.1%. ADSa had lower ASMI, weaker grip strength, slower gait speed, a higher incidence of poor sleep quality and poorer cognitive function. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that high total scores of PSQI (odds ratio (OR) = 1.13), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.73), poor subjective sleep quality (OR = 1.83), low MMSE (OR = 0.77) and MoCA (OR = 0.76) scores were associated with high odds of sarcopenia. Compared to sleep time ≤ 15 min, >60 min (OR = 5.01) were associated with sarcopenia. Sleep duration <6 h (OR = 3.99), 8-9 h (OR = 4.48) and ≥9 h (OR = 6.33) were associated with sarcopenia compared to 7-8 h. Conclusions: More sleep symptoms and cognitive impairment exist in female patients with sarcopenia. The higher total scores of PSQI, poorer subjective sleep quality, longer sleep latency, excessive and insufficient sleep duration and poorer cognitive function are associated with higher odds of sarcopenia in female patients with mild to moderate AD.

Meta‐analysis on the interrelationship between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia

“…The flow diagram of the literature retrieval process is shown in Figure . Seventy‐seven studies with a sample size ranging from 26 to 12 912 participants and a total of 92 058 participants were included in the qualitative analysis 11,12,18–92 . Of these 77 studies, 71 were cross‐sectional, 4 were cohort and 2 were interventional studies.…”

“…Seventy‐seven studies with a sample size ranging from 26 to 12 912 participants and a total of 92 058 participants were included in the qualitative analysis. 11 , 12 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ...…”

Prevalence and risk factors of Cognitive dysfunction -associated Sarcopenia：A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…A total of 1,870 articles were initially evaluated. Eventually, 12 articles were included in our study [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . The cumulative sample size across all the included studies amounted to 3,975 participants.…”

Sarcopenia and sleep status in older female patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a risk assessment

“…Dear Editor, Liu et al 1 investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep status in female patients, aged between 60 and 85 years, with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Impaired cognitive functions and poor sleep quality were significantly associated with the risk of sarcopenia.…”

“…3 Second, a prospective design may contribute to consideration of causal association. Liu et al 1 conducted a cross-sectional study, and they understood that causal associations among sarcopenia, sleep status and AD could not be determined. There is a report that sleep medication itself is a risk for mild cognitive impairment and did not relate to dementia, 4 and psycho-physio-social factors including comorbidities and several medications should be comprehensively included for the analysis.…”