Relationship between serum prolactin concentration, vascular angiotensin sensitivity and arterial blood pressure during third trimester pregnancy

Oney, T; Bellmann, O.; Kaulhausen, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00932973

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has long been proposed that prolactin might play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia 20 , and urinary prolactin level was closely associated with the severity of preeclampsia 21 . Over 30 years ago, it was reported that prolactin level was up to four times higher in patients with essential hypertension than in normotensive controls 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma prolactin level and risk of incident hypertension in postmenopausal women

Zhang

Curhan

Forman

2010

Journal of Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Laboratory and cross-sectional human studies suggest a potential role for prolactin in the pathogenesis of hypertension; however, the prospective association between prolactin and hypertension has not been previously reported. Methods We prospectively examined the association between day-time plasma prolactin levels and the risk of incident hypertension among 874 postmenopausal women who were participants of the Nurses' Health Study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to adjust for potential confounders. Results We identified 183 incident cases of hypertension during 8-years of follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, the relative risk of hypertension for a 1-standard deviation higher plasma prolactin was 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.05-1.62). Compared to women with plasma prolactin levels ≤ 8.0 ng/mL, the multivariable relative risk of incident hypertension for those with prolactin levels > 8.0 ng/mL was 1.34 (95% CI 0.90-1.99). Conclusions A higher day-time plasma prolactin level is independently associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension among post-menopausal women.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma prolactin level and risk of incident hypertension in postmenopausal women

Zhang

Curhan

Forman

2010

Journal of Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, we have generated male In humans, several studies have shown that increased levels of prolactin are associated with elevated arterial pressure (18,19). In the opposite direction, a loss-of-function SNP in the GPR10 gene, which codes for the prolactin-releasing peptide receptor, is associated with reduced BP (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolactin alters blood pressure by modulating the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Chang

Grant

Tomita

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increased levels of a cleaved form of prolactin (molecular weight 16 kDa) have been associated with preeclampsia. To study the effects of prolactin on blood pressure (BP), we generated male mice with a single-copy transgene (Tg; inserted into the hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase locus) that enables inducible hepatic production of prolactin and its cleavage product. The Tg is driven by the indole-3-carbinol (I3C)-inducible rat cytochrome P450 1A1 promoter. When the Tg mice were fed normal chow (NC), plasma prolactin concentrations were comparable to those in female WT mice in the last third of pregnancy, and BP was lower than in WT mice (∼95 mm Hg vs. ∼105 mm Hg). When the Tg mice were fed chow containing IC3, plasma prolactin concentrations increased threefold, BP increased to ∼130 mm Hg, and cardiac function became markedly impaired. IC3 chow did not affect the WT mice. Urinary excretion of nitrite/nitrate and the amount of Ser1177-phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) were significantly greater in the Tg mice fed NC than in WT mice, as they are during pregnancy. However, when I3C was fed, these indicators of NO production became significantly less in the Tg mice than in WT mice. The effects of increased plasma prolactin were abolished by a genetic absence of eNOS. Thus, a threefold increase in plasma prolactin is sufficient to increase BP significantly and to markedly impair cardiac function, with effects mediated by NO produced by eNOS. We suggest that pregnant women with abnormally high prolactin levels may need special attention.hypertension | lactation | protein kinase B/Akt P rolactin, a 23-kDa polypeptide hormone, is a potent multifunctional cytokine with a broad range of biological effects, including water and salt balance, lactogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation, testicular Leydig cell function, T-cell immunity, pancreatic β-cell function, hematopoiesis, and adipogenesis (1). Prolactin is physiologically secreted mainly from the anterior lobe of pituitary gland. The secretion is negatively regulated by dopamine and positively regulated by prolactin-releasing peptide (2) synthesized in the hypothalamus. The levels of prolactin in the serum, urine, and amniotic fluids are significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia than in subjects with normal pregnancy (3-5), suggesting that prolactin is involved in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-associated hypertension. However, animal experiments have shown inconsistent effects of prolactin on blood pressure (BP). Thus, acute i.v. infusion of prolactin increased BP in rabbits (6), but, when ovine prolactin was chronically given i.p. via an osmotic minipump in rats, BP was decreased (7). It has also been reported that chronic prolactin infusion caused an increase in urinary sodium, potassium, and water excretion, but no significant changes in arterial pressure, in rats (8).To study the chronic effects of different plasma concentrations of prolactin on BP and general well-being, we have generated male mice with a si...

show abstract

“…PRL has biological effects on water and salt balance in different species ( 2 , 20 ), including humans ( 21 – 23 ). In humans, two studies have shown that increased levels of PRL were associated with elevated arterial pressure in women with hypertension ( 24 ) and normotensive pregnant women ( 25 ). Recently, a cohort study has demonstrated that a higher daytime plasma PRL level, even within the normal range, was associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension among postmenopausal women from the Nurses’ Health Study ( 26 ).…”

Section: Systemic Arterial Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay between prolactin and cardiovascular disease

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyperprolactinemia can be caused by several conditions and its effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are understood in more detail. Nevertheless, in recent decades, other metabolic effects have been studied and data pointed to a potential increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A recent study showed a decrease in total and LDL- cholesterol only in men with prolactinoma treated with dopamine agonists (DA) supporting the previous results of a population study with increased CVD risk in men harboring prolactinoma. However, other population studies did not find a correlation between prolactin (PRL) levels and CVD risk or mortality. There is also data pointing to an increase in high-density lipoprotein levels, and decreases in triglycerides, carotid-intima-media thickness, C-reactive protein, and homocysteine levels in patients with prolactinoma on DA treatment. PRL was also implicated in endothelial dysfunction in pre and postmenopausal women. Withdrawal of DA resulted in negative changes in vascular parameters and an increase in plasma fibrinogen. It has been shown that PRL levels were positively correlated with blood pressure and inversely correlated with dilatation of the brachial artery and insulin sensitivity, increased homocysteine levels, and elevated D-dimer levels. Regarding possible mechanisms for the association between hyperprolactinemia and CVD risk, they include a possible direct effect of PRL, hypogonadism, and even effects of DA treatment, independently of changes in PRL levels. In conclusion, hyperprolactinemia seems to be associated with impaired endothelial function and DA treatment could improve CVD risk. More studies evaluating CVD risk in hyperprolactinemic patients are important to define a potential indication of treatment beyond hypogonadism.

show abstract

Relationship between serum prolactin concentration, vascular angiotensin sensitivity and arterial blood pressure during third trimester pregnancy

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Plasma prolactin level and risk of incident hypertension in postmenopausal women

Plasma prolactin level and risk of incident hypertension in postmenopausal women

Prolactin alters blood pressure by modulating the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase

The interplay between prolactin and cardiovascular disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About