Relationship between the activity concentration of 137Cs in the growing shoots of Quercus serrata and soil 137Cs, exchangeable cations, and pH in Fukushima, Japan

Kanasashi, Tsutomu; Miura, Satoru; Hirai, Keizo; Nagakura, Junko; Itô, Hiroki

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106276

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In this study, we showed that the within-stand standard deviation of the log-transformed radioactivity concentration of growing shoots of coppice woods could be regarded as uniform among stands and that the mean value was 0.74 (Table 5). The sample mean value of the log-transformed radioactivity concentration of growing shoots has been reported to vary markedly among stands [9]. Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in radiocesium activity concentration in growing hardwood shoots in Fukushima, Japan

Itô,

Miura,

Komatsu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The radiocesium contamination caused by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident has made it difficult to use coppice woods as bed logs for mushroom cultivation. Evaluating the variability in the radiocesium activity concentration of logs is necessary in order to predict how many coppice woodlands are available for producing mushroom bed logs. To clarify the variability in radiocesium activity concentrations and to estimate the sample size required to estimate these concentrations with sufficient accuracy, we modeled the log-transformed radiocesium activity concentrations in growing shoots of hardwoods. We designed two models: (1) a model with mean concentrations that varied among stands with a standard deviation that was the same among stands, and (2) a model with varying means and standard deviations. We fit the data pertaining to onlyQuercus serratato both models and calculated the widely applicable information criterion values. Consequently, we adopted the simpler model (1). Applying the selected model to data for all species, we examined the relationship between the number of measurement individuals and the predictive distribution of the expected concentration. Based on previous recommendations and measurement costs, we proposed that five individuals would be appropriate for estimating radiocesium activity concentration in a stand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in radiocesium activity concentration in growing hardwood shoots in Fukushima, Japan

Itô,

Miura,

Komatsu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Various factors were found to increase the 137 Cs root uptake after the Chernobyl nuclear accident; for example, high soil water content, high soil organic and low clay content (i.e., low radiocesium interception potential [RIP]), low soil exchangeable K concentration, and high soil exchangeable NH 4 concentration 12 , 43 . After the FDNPP accident, the 137 Cs transfer from soil to Japanese cypress and konara oak was found to be negatively correlated with the soil exchangeable K concentration 44 , 45 and the 137 Cs mobility is reportedly high in soils with low RIP 46 . However, neither the soil exchangeable K and Cs concentrations nor the RIP have explained the different 137 Cs aggregated transfer factors (defined as [ 137 Cs activity concentration in a specified component/ 137 Cs activity inventory in the soil]) of Japanese cedars at sites 1–4 46 , 47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal trends in 137Cs concentrations in the bark and wood of trees contaminated by the Fukushima nuclear accident

Ohashi

Kuroda

Abe

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Understanding the actual situation of radiocesium (137Cs) contamination of trees caused by the Fukushima nuclear accident is essential for predicting the future contamination of wood. Particularly important is determining whether the 137Cs dynamics within forests and trees have reached apparent steady state. We conducted a monitoring survey of four major tree species (Japanese cedar, Japanese cypress, konara oak, and Japanese red pine) at multiple sites. Using a dynamic linear model, we analyzed the temporal trends in 137Cs activity concentrations in the bark (whole), outer bark, inner bark, wood (whole), sapwood, and heartwood during the 2011–2020 period. The activity concentrations were decay-corrected to September 1, 2020, to exclude the decrease due to the radioactive decay. The 137Cs concentrations in the whole and outer bark samples showed an exponential decrease in most plots but a flat trend in one plot, where 137Cs root uptake is considered to be high. The 137Cs concentration ratio (CR) of inner bark/sapwood showed a flat trend but the CR of heartwood/sapwood increased in many plots, indicating that the 137Cs dynamics reached apparent steady state within one year in the biologically active parts (inner bark and sapwood) and after several to more than 10 years in the inactive part (heartwood). The 137Cs concentration in the whole wood showed an increasing trend in six plots. In four of these plots, the increasing trend shifted to a flat or decreasing trend. Overall, the results show that the 137Cs dynamics within forests and trees have reached apparent steady state in many plots, although the amount of 137Cs root uptake in some plots is possibly still increasing 10 years after the accident. Clarifying the mechanisms and key factors determining the amount of 137Cs root uptake will be crucial for predicting wood contamination.

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“…Many studies have reported on the in uence of soil pH on Cs accumulation, however, these effects are inconsistent in different plant species. For example, Cs uptake increases with decreased soil pH in R. sativus, C. sativus, H. annuus, G. max, T. aestivum, P. vulgaris (Massas et al 2010;Skarlou et al 1996), several grasses, legumes, forb (Ogura et al 2014), Quercus serrata (Kanasashi et al 2020). Whereas no effect of changing pH on Cs uptake was found in grasses (Van Bergeijk et al 1992) or R. uitans in K + -su cient conditions (Heredia et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to the soil pH, Ogura et al (2014) suggested a higher radio-Cs uptake by the roots under low soil pH. The increase in radio-Cs activity concentration due to decreasing soil pH might be due to increasing H + concentration which in turn decreases the potassium exchange capacity in the soil (Kanasashi et al 2020). Similarly, more Cs is dissolved at acid pH levels due to greater competition with other cations for available sorption sites (Giannkopoulou et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the several soil factors related to plant growth or Cs uptake, soil pH directly or indirectly affects radio-Cs uptake e ciency through the plant roots. Many studies have demonstrated increased radio-Cs accumulation in plants with decreasing soil pH, such as in Dactylis glomerata, Phalaris arundinacea, Lolium perenne, and Anthxanthum odoratum (Ogura et al 2014), Quercus serrata (Kanasashi et al 2020), Raphanus sativus, Cucumis sativus, Glycine max (Massas et al 2010), R. sativus, C. sativus, Triticum aestivum (Skarlou et al 1996), and Vigna mungo (Win et al 2017). Soil acidi cation can lead to Cs desorption from soils, thus becoming more bioavailable in the environment; however, the effect of pH on Cs desorption depends on soil type (Giannkopoulou et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of drought stress or soil pH on cesium accumulation in Napier grass

Kang

Tazoe²

2022

Environ Monit Assess

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Radio-cesium (Cs) decontamination e ciency by plants is supposedly affected by environmental conditions. To elucidate the factors in uencing the unstable 137 Cs-decontamination e ciency, we rst examined the in uence of drought or soil pH on Cs accumulation using cesium-133 ( 133 Cs) using Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) grown under pot conditions. The experiment was performed on three different conditions with 150 µM 133 Cs applied to soil: low pH (L-pH, pH = 5.6 ± 0.0), near-neutral pH (N-pH, pH = 6.6 ± 0.1), and the combination of low pH and drought stress (Drought). Drought stress had prominent negative effects on plant height, aboveground dry matter weight (DW above ), 133 Cs concentrations in aboveground or root (Cs above or Cs root ) parts, or 133 Cs total content in the part aboveground (Cs-T). 133 Cs concentration and total content in Drought conditions were reduced by 44.1% and 60.0% aboveground, and 63.6% and 66.0% in root parts compared with counterpart normal soil moisture conditions (L-pH), respectively. Conversely, there were no signi cant effects of soil pH on Cs above , Cs root , or Cs-T in L-pH and N-pH conditions. Chlorophyll uorescence parameters (F v /F m , F v /F 0 ) and the temperature in leaves were negatively affected by drought stress or soil pH conditions. From our results, drought strongly in uenced plant growth and Cs accumulation in plants compared with soil acidity. Therefore, soil moisture appears to be a signi cant factor in maintaining 137 Cs-decontamination e ciency by Napier grass.

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Relationship between the activity concentration of 137Cs in the growing shoots of Quercus serrata and soil 137Cs, exchangeable cations, and pH in Fukushima, Japan

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Variability in radiocesium activity concentration in growing hardwood shoots in Fukushima, Japan

Variability in radiocesium activity concentration in growing hardwood shoots in Fukushima, Japan

Decadal trends in 137Cs concentrations in the bark and wood of trees contaminated by the Fukushima nuclear accident

Effect of drought stress or soil pH on cesium accumulation in Napier grass

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