Relationship Between the Electroglottographic Signal and Vocal Fold Contact Area

Hampala, Vit; Garcia, Maxime; Švec, Jan G.; Scherer, Ronald C.; Herbst, Christian T.

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.03.018

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The electroglottographic (EGG) signal is proportional to changes of the relative vocal fold contact area during vocal fold vibration [59]. It is thus well suited for documenting the vocal fold oscillatory effects of any potentially occurring register transitions or instabilities during the examined pitch glides.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngeal evidence for the first and second passaggio in professionally trained sopranos

et al. 2017

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IntroductionDue to a lack of empirical data, the current understanding of the laryngeal mechanics in the passaggio regions (i.e., the fundamental frequency ranges where vocal registration events usually occur) of the female singing voice is still limited.Material and methodsIn this study the first and second passaggio regions of 10 professionally trained female classical soprano singers were analyzed. The sopranos performed pitch glides from A3 (ƒo = 220 Hz) to A4 (ƒo = 440 Hz) and from A4 (ƒo = 440 Hz) to A5 (ƒo = 880 Hz) on the vowel [iː]. Vocal fold vibration was assessed with trans-nasal high speed videoendoscopy at 20,000 fps, complemented by simultaneous electroglottographic (EGG) and acoustic recordings. Register breaks were perceptually rated by 12 voice experts. Voice stability was documented with the EGG-based sample entropy. Glottal opening and closing patterns during the passaggi were analyzed, supplemented with open quotient data extracted from the glottal area waveform.ResultsIn both the first and the second passaggio, variations of vocal fold vibration patterns were found. Four distinct patterns emerged: smooth transitions with either increasing or decreasing durations of glottal closure, abrupt register transitions, and intermediate loss of vocal fold contact. Audible register transitions (in both the first and second passaggi) generally coincided with higher sample entropy values and higher open quotient variance through the respective passaggi.ConclusionsNoteworthy vocal fold oscillatory registration events occur in both the first and the second passaggio even in professional sopranos. The respective transitions are hypothesized to be caused by either (a) a change of laryngeal biomechanical properties; or by (b) vocal tract resonance effects, constituting level 2 source-filter interactions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngeal evidence for the first and second passaggio in professionally trained sopranos

et al. 2017

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“…A high-frequency, low-voltage current is passed between two electrodes placed on either side of the thyroid cartilage at the level of the vocal folds. Changes in the vocal fold contact area (VFCA) during vocal fold vibration result in admittance variations, and the resulting EGG signal is proportional to the relative VFCA (Hampala et al, 2016).…”

Section: Electroglottography: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive documentation of primate voice production using electroglottography

Herbst

Dunn

2018

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Vocal communication in non-human primates has long been of interest to both academic researchers and the broader public. This interest exists for two principle reasons. Firstly, we have an intrinsic curiosity over how these animals, which are so closely related to us, communicate with one another. Secondly, and perhaps more importantly, understanding vocal communication in our primate relatives provides us with important insight into the evolution of human speech-a topic that has fascinated humans for centuries.Speech does not fossilize, and studying the evolution of this complex, yet critical aspect of human behavior using proxies from the fossil record (e.g. the shape of the skull or hyoid (Fitch, 2000a;Nishimura, 2003)) has led to little consensus (Fitch, 2000b;Hauser et al., 2002). A more powerful approach is provided by the comparative method, the primary tool used by Darwin to analyze evolutionary phenomena (Darwin, 1859(Darwin, , 1871. Comparative analyses use data from extant species to draw inferences about extinct ancestors and evolutionary processes. Several important advances in our understanding of the evolution of speech have been made using comparative data (Ghazanfar and Hauser, 1999;Fitch, 2000b;Fitch et al., 2016;Ghazanfar et al., 2012;Takahashi et al., 2013).Humans, non-human primates, most other mammals (Herbst et al., 2012), and even birds (Elemans et al., 2015) produce sound according to a universal physical principle, described by the myoelastic aerodynamic (MEAD) theory (van den Berg, 1958;Titze, 1980). Steady airflow, coming from the lungs, is converted into a sequence of airflow pulses by the passively vibrating vocal folds (or other laryngeal or syringeal tissue), resulting in self-sustained oscillation. The acoustic pressure waveform generated by this sequence of flow pulses excites the vocal tract, which filters the pulses acoustically, and the result is radiated from the mouth (and/ or the nose) (Story, 2002). The latter phenomenon, involving the individual contributions of the laryngeal sound source and the vocal tract to the quality of the emitted sound, has been described in the source-filter theory of sound production (Fant, 1960) Abstract Electroglottography (EGG) is a low-cost, non-invasive method for documenting laryngeal sound production during vocalization. The EGG signal represents relative vocal fold contact area and thus delivers physiological evidence of vocal fold vibration. While the method has received much attention in human voice research over the last five decades, it has seen very little application in other mammals. Here, we give a concise overview of mammalian vocal production principles. We explain how mammalian voice production physiology and the dynamics of vocal fold vibration can be documented qualitatively and quantitatively with EGG, and we summarize and discuss key issues from research with humans. Finally, we review the limited number of studies applying EGG to non-human mammals, both in vivo and in vitro. The potential of EGG for non-invasive assessm...

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“…Scherer et al 12 employed a mechanically-driven contact-decontact model in excised canine hemilarynges to show that an approximately linear relationship between the normalized EGG value and VFCA was obtained in some cases. Hampala et al 13 more recently used an excised deer hemilarynx phonation model to show that the agreement between EGG and VFCA was better in the decontacting phase than in the contacting phase. Other studies suggested that EGG pulse width measures relate to the degree of vocal fold medial compression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Measure of the Auditory-perceptual Quality of Strain from Electroglottographic Analysis of Continuous Dysphonic Speech: Application to Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia

Somanath

Mau

2016

Journal of Voice

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Objectives (1) To develop an automated algorithm to analyze electroglottographic (EGG) signal in continuous, dysphonic speech, and (2) to identify EGG waveform parameters that correlate with the auditory-perceptual quality of strain in the speech of patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD). Study Design Software development with application in a prospective controlled study. Methods EGG was recorded from 12 normal speakers and 12 subjects with ADSD reading excerpts from the Rainbow Passage. Data were processed by a new algorithm developed with the specific goal of analyzing continuous dysphonic speech. The contact quotient (CQ), pulse width (EGGW), a new parameter peak skew, and various contact closing slope quotient (SC) and contact opening slope quotient (SO) measures were extracted. EGG parameters were compared between normal and ADSD speech. Within the ADSD group, intra-subject comparison was also made between perceptually strained syllables and unstrained syllables. Results The opening slope quotient SO7525 distinguished strained syllables from unstrained syllables in continuous speech within individual ADSD subjects. The standard deviations, but not the means, of CQ, EGGW50, peak skew, and SO7525 were different between normal and ADSD speakers. The strain-stress pattern in continuous speech can be visualized as color gradients based on the variation of EGG parameter values. Conclusions EGG parameters may provide a within-subject measure of vocal strain and serve as a marker for treatment response. The addition of EGG to multi-dimensional assessment may lead to improved characterization of the voice disturbance in ADSD.

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Relationship Between the Electroglottographic Signal and Vocal Fold Contact Area

Cited by 38 publications

References 46 publications

Laryngeal evidence for the first and second passaggio in professionally trained sopranos

Laryngeal evidence for the first and second passaggio in professionally trained sopranos

Non-invasive documentation of primate voice production using electroglottography

A Measure of the Auditory-perceptual Quality of Strain from Electroglottographic Analysis of Continuous Dysphonic Speech: Application to Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia

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