Relationship between Vitamin D and Mental Health among Dental Students in Saudi Arabia: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Al-Atram, Abdulrahman A; Ragunath, Gunapriya; Kannan, Swati

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2020/43248.13646

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Similar results were obtained by Altinbas (91) on intensive care unit personnel. In another study by Al-Atram et al (92), vit.D deficiency was positively correlated with anxiety but not with depression. However, none of these studies clarified the insufficiency and deficiency cut-off points, with the majority accepting <30 ng/ml as insufficiency and <20 ng/ml as deficiency (93).…”

Section: Vitd and The Pathogenesis Of Bruxismmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nutrient insufficiencies and deficiencies involved in the pathogenesis of bruxism (Review)

Pavlou,

Spandidos,

Zoumpourlis

et al. 2023

Exp Ther Med

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Stress has been well-documented to have a significant role in the etiopathogenesis of bruxism. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and subsequent release of corticosteroids lead to increased muscle activity. Neurological studies have demonstrated that chronic stress exposure induces neurodegeneration of important neuronal structures and destabilization of the mesocortical dopaminergic pathway. These disruptions impair the abilities to counteract the overactivity of the HPA axis and disinhibit involuntary muscle activity, while at the same time, there is activation of the amygdala. Recent evidence shows that overactivation of the amygdala under stressful stimuli causes rhythmic jaw muscle activity by over activating the mesencephalic and motor trigeminal nuclei. The present review aimed to discuss the negative effects of certain vitamin and mineral deficiencies, such as vitamin D, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids, on the central nervous system. It provides evidence on how such insufficiencies may increase stress sensitivity and neuromuscular excitability and thereby reduce the ability to effectively respond to the overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, and also how stress can in turn lead to these insufficiencies. Finally, the positive effects of individualized supplementation are discussed in the context of diminishing anxiety and oxidative stress, neuroprotection and in the reversal of neurodegeneration, and also in alleviating/reducing neuromuscular symptoms.

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Section: Vitd and The Pathogenesis Of Bruxismmentioning

confidence: 91%