Relationship of the Blood Endotoxin Concentration and Prognosis in Dogs with Pyometra.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The blood concentrations of endotoxin in dogs with pyometra (n=45) were compared with those in healthy dogs (n=17). The blood endotoxin concentrations in the healthy dogs (n=17), in those with good prognosis (n=41) and those with poor prognosis (n=4) were 3.4 ± 2.8 pg/ml, 9.5 ± 11.3 pg/ml and 74.2 ± 18.3 pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations in the dogs with good prognosis and poor prognosis were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those in the healthy dogs. The dogs with poor prognosis had significantly (p<0.01) higher endotoxin concentrations than those with good prognosis. Blood endotoxin concentrations were measured in 9 dogs after surgery, and were found to be decreased. These results suggest the possible involvement of endotoxin in the pathophysiological changes due to pyometra in dogs, and also that the blood endotoxin concentration could be used as a marker to determine prognosis. -KEY WORDS : canine, endotoxin, pyometra.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60(11): 1265-1267, 1998 surgery; the other developed peritonitis). All animals were treated with fluid therapy and antibiotic drugs. The concentration of endotoxin in blood was measured by a chromogenic substrate method [3,4]. Briefly, plateletrich plasma was pretreated with perchloric acid. The pretreated plasma sample was allowed to react for 30 min at 37°C using a Toxicolor Test (Seikagaku Kogyo, Tokyo). This was followed by diazo-coupling for colorimetric measurement of the optical density at 545 nm (Spectrophotometer 150-20, Hitachi, Tokyo). The syringes and test tubes used for blood sampling and tests were all completely free of endotoxin.The data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis between groups was performed by the Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered significant.As shown in Fig. 1, the blood endotoxin concentrations in the healthy dogs (n=17), in those with good prognosis (n=41) and those with poor prognosis (n=4) were 3.4 ± 2.8 pg/ml, 9.5 ± 11.3 pg/ml and 74.2 ± 18.3 pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations in the dogs with good prognosis and poor prognosis were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those in the healthy dogs. The dogs with poor prognosis had significantly (p<0.01) higher endotoxin concentrations than those with good prognosis.The dog with the highest value (94.5 pg/ml) was already in shock when brought to our department and died shortly after sampling of blood. A dog with 81 pg/ml had severe renal failure and died 2 days after surgery; another dog with 51.5 pg/ml had renal failure and died 10 days after surgery. A dog with 70

Incidence of Pyometra in Colony-raised Beagle Dogs.

“…Specific kinds of bacteria were not detected by the bacteria test, with common bacteria such as staphyrocuss and E. coli which usually exist in the intestine being discovered. Okano et al [10] reported that the endotoxin of bacteria in serum was elevated in dogs with pyometra. Although the results from the serum test for endotoxin were negative, endotoxin might play an important role in enhancing the severity of the condition in dogs, judging from the highly increased leukocyte count and the ineffectiveness of any kind of antibiotic.…”

Endotoksik Pyometralı Köpeklerde Polimiksin E - Ampisilin Kombinasyonunun Antiendotoksik Etkisinin Araştırılması

“…Common bacteria isolated from pyometra infections in bitches are gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pasteurella, Proteus, Pseudomonas spp., which releases lipopolysaccharide structured endotoxine from their cell wall 1, [5][6][7][8] . In the case that infection with predominantly gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli are isolated, endotoxemia has been demonstrated in bitches with pyometra 6,9 . According to the main theories, this bacteria rise as ascending bacterial infections from the host's vaginal/intestinal flora or as descending from urinary tract infection 8, [10][11][12] .…”

“…Also the suppression of bone marrow activity by toxemia is caused anemia and in cases of pyometra are remarkably increase leucocyte 3,7,13, 14 . In recent years, blood endotoxin levels have been reported in bovine gangrenous mammilitis and equine colic, but little attention has been paid to blood endotoxin levels in small animals 6 . In case of pyometra, to measure the concentration of endotoxin in blood is considerable.…”

“…In case of pyometra, to measure the concentration of endotoxin in blood is considerable. It is therefore necessary to initiate effective treatment in the early stage of the disease for bitches with high blood endtoxin concentration 2, 6 . The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and levels of the gram negative bacterial entoxin; to investigate the effects of antiendotoxemic treatment along with operation.…”

Caracterização das alterações hemodinâmicas do útero em cadelas com hiperplasia endometrial cística-piometra

“…A HEC-Piometra é uma afecção de incidência elevada, diagnosticada em 25% das cadelas com idade entre 6 e 10 anos (EGENVALL et al, 2001 Estudos demonstram que a endotoxemia é responsável pelas alterações sistêmicas em cadelas com endometrite-piometra e as concentrações plasmáticas da endotoxina estão diretamente relacionadas à evolução desfavorável da doença (WESSELS;WELLS, 1989;OKANO et al, 1998;FRANSSON et al, 1997 Endometrite-Piometra possa ser justificada pela ação da PGE2 na vasodilatação e supressão da resposta imune, com consequente piora do quadro clínico. Ademais, a correlação negativa entre o número de leucócitos totais e os índices hemodinâmicos caracteriza a resposta do organismo frente à ação das endotoxinas, bem como a ação das prostaglandinas na modulação da resposta inflamatória uterina.…”