Relationships between feed efficiency and puberty in Bos taurus and Bos indicus-influenced replacement beef heifers

Canal, L. B.; Fontes, P. L. P.; Sanford, Carla D; Mercadante, Vitor R G; DiLorenzo, Nicolás; Lamb, G. C.; Oosthuizen, Nicola

doi:10.1093/jas/skaa319

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Copy number on the CNVR in ASI-AFT pair was significant in Kruskal-Wallis test and their V ST was 0.887. In previous study, EIF2S1 was overlapped with CNVR specific to a high feed efficient group of Holstein [ 54 ], which suggests the contribution of the CNVR to different feed efficiency in beef cattle between Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus [ 55 , 56 ]. The muscle development related gene CTNNA1 was overlapped with indicine-specific deletion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population differentiated copy number variation of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and their African hybrids

et al. 2021

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Background CNV comprises a large proportion in cattle genome and is associated with various traits. However, there were few population-scale comparison studies on cattle CNV. Results Here, autosome-wide CNVs were called by read depth of NGS alignment result and copy number variation regions (CNVRs) defined from 102 Eurasian taurine (EAT) of 14 breeds, 28 Asian indicine (ASI) of 6 breeds, 22 African taurine (AFT) of 2 breeds, and 184 African humped cattle (AFH) of 17 breeds. The copy number of every CNVRs were compared between populations and CNVRs with population differentiated copy numbers were sorted out using the pairwise statistics VST and Kruskal-Wallis test. Three hundred sixty-two of CNVRs were significantly differentiated in both statistics and 313 genes were located on the population differentiated CNVRs. Conclusion For some of these genes, the averages of copy numbers were also different between populations and these may be candidate genes under selection. These include olfactory receptors, pathogen-resistance, parasite-resistance, heat tolerance and productivity related genes. Furthermore, breed- and individual-level comparison was performed using the presence or copy number of the autosomal CNVRs. Our findings were based on identification of CNVs from short Illumina reads of 336 individuals and 39 breeds, which to our knowledge is the largest dataset for this type of analysis and revealed important CNVs that may play a role in cattle adaption to various environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population differentiated copy number variation of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and their African hybrids

et al. 2021

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“…Improving feed efficiency of beef cattle is a major concern for beef producers. A recent study from Canal LB, Fontes PL, Sanford CD, Mercadante VR, DiLorenzo N, Lamb GC and Oosthuizen N [57] found that heifers that efficiently utilize feed attain puberty early than less feed efficient ones. Moreover, heifers that attain puberty at a relatively younger age have the potential to conceive early in life and be more productive throughout their lifetime [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation scan: identifying genomic regions that affect genetic correlations applied to fertility traits

Olasege

Porto-Neto

Tahir

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Although the genetic correlation between complex traits have been estimated for more than a century, only recently we have started to map and understand the precise localization of the genomic region(s) that underpin these correlations. Reproductive traits are often genetically correlated, and yet we don’t fully understand the complexities, synergism, or trade-offs between male and female fertility. In this study, we used reproductive traits in two cattle populations to develop a novel framework termed correlation scan. This framework was used to identify regions associated with the genetic correlations between male and female fertility traits across the bovine genome. The traits used were age at first corpus luteum (AGECL) and serum levels of insulin growth hormone (IGF1 measured in bulls, IGF1b, or cows, IGF1c). The methodology developed herein used correlations of 500-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) effects in a 100-SNPs sliding window in each chromosome to identify regions in the genome that either drive (i.e., SNP effects on the same direction) or antagonize (i.e., SNP effects in the opposite direction) the genetic correlations between traits. We used a permutation test to confirm which regions of the genome harboured significant correlations. Hence, this framework can also identify neutral genomic regions with no effect on the pairwise trait studied. About 40% of the total genomic regions were identified as driving and antagonizing genetic correlations between male and female fertility traits in the two population. These regions confirmed the polygenic nature of the traits being studied and pointed to genes of interest. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) and functional enrichment analysis revealed that many significant windows co-located with known QTLs related to milk production and fertility traits, especially puberty. In general, the enriched reproductive QTLs driving the genetic correlations between male and female fertility are the same for both cattle populations, while the antagonizing regions were population specific. Moreover, most of the antagonizing regions were mapped to the chromosome X. These results suggest regions of the chromosome X for further investigation into the trade-offs between male and female fertility. Although the methodology was applied to cattle phenotypes, using high-density SNP genotypes, the general framework developed can be applied to any species or traits, and it can easily accommodate genome sequence data.Author summaryIn animal breeding, it is often common to estimate genetic correlations between economically important traits. These estimated correlations represent the average of the shared genetic similarities between traits across the genome. Despite this knowledge, we are yet to uncover the regions in the genome that explain the genetic correlations estimated. Targeting reproductive traits in cattle, we developed a new framework and used it to identify multiple regions across the genome that affect genetic correlations between male and female fertility traits. While some regions have no effect on these trait correlations, other loci drive or antagonize these relationships. We further subjected the identified regions to functional analysis and annotation for biological insights. Although the methodology was applied to cattle phenotypes, using high-density SNP genotypes, the general framework can be applied to any species or traits. For example, the method could be used to identify genomic regions that explain the interplay between various mental illness phenotypes in humans.

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“…Proper water management is vital throughout a cow's life cycle. Nutritional balance, assessed through food component analysis and body condition scores, also influences cattle reproductive systems, as they require a balanced diet of concentrate and roughage (Canal et al, 2020). While some cattle receive minerals from government-distributed blocks, this periodic supplementation may not consistently meet their needs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Productivity and Sustainability of Small-Scale Beef Farms in Thailand

Panbamrungkij,

Inchaisri,

Phan-iam

et al. 2023

ABAC J

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Over the past few decades, Thailand has witnessed a decline in production from small-scale beef cattle farming, accompanied by a reduced interest from younger generations in continuing family farming. The present study aimed to determine the state of these farms based on good agricultural practices (GAP) and explored factors influencing beef herd productivity and the willingness of the next generation to sustain the family business. Data from 1,175 questionnaires from 34 provinces was analyzed using SPSS. Beef herds with higher calving rates (CR ≥ 60%) had better herd, reproductive, and health management scores compared with the lower CR (<60%) group. Results from a negative binomial regression showed that factors, i.e., prediction of calving date and routine deworming positively impacted CR, while others like feeding types, mineral supplements, vaccination and hormonal estrus synchronization negatively correlated with CR. Expert opinions (N = 83) highlighted the importance of recording systems, heat detection programs, pregnancy diagnosis, feeding type, sufficient qualified water supply and mineral supplements. The use of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and GLM analysis also noted that farm potential score, farmer gender, and occupations were pivotal for the sustainability of beef farming. This research aids in strategizing for enhanced sustainable beef production in Thailand.

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Relationships between feed efficiency and puberty in Bos taurus and Bos indicus-influenced replacement beef heifers

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Population differentiated copy number variation of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and their African hybrids

Population differentiated copy number variation of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and their African hybrids

Correlation scan: identifying genomic regions that affect genetic correlations applied to fertility traits

Factors Influencing Productivity and Sustainability of Small-Scale Beef Farms in Thailand

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