Relationships between hallucinations, delusions, depression, suicide ideation, and plan among adults presenting with psychosis in psychiatric emergency care

Bornheimer, Lindsay A.; Hong, Victor; Verdugo, Juliann Li; Fernandez, Lindsay; King, Cheryl A.

doi:10.1080/17522439.2021.1912815

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In line with the current literature, a stronger, client perceived, therapeutic alliance developed early on in CBSPp predicted less severe suicidal ideation, even after controlling for the influence of pre-therapy suicidal ideation, depression, and hopelessness. This finding is important because suicidal ideation, depression and hopelessness are established predictors of suicidal experiences, including those with non-affective psychosis [3,[5][6][7][10][11][12][13]. Furthermore, suicidal ideation is associated with immense distress and may be a precursor of suicide plans and attempts [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this population, factors such as male sex, ages 26-45, current suicidal ideation, previous suicide attempts and depression have been found to be significant risk factors for death by suicide [5][6][7][8][9]. Additionally, depression and hopelessness are well-known predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts [3,5,7,[10][11][12][13]. More severe experiences of psychosis have also been associated with more severe suicidal ideation and behaviors [3,10,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Suicide is a major global health concern and is the leading cause of death in people with non-affective psychosis [1,2]. Suicidal experiences including thoughts, urges, plans, attempts and death are known to be amplified in those with non-affective psychosis [2][3][4]. In this population, factors such as male sex, ages 26-45, current suicidal ideation, previous suicide attempts and depression have been found to be significant risk factors for death by suicide [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, depression and hopelessness are well-known predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts [3,5,7,[10][11][12][13]. More severe experiences of psychosis have also been associated with more severe suicidal ideation and behaviors [3,10,14]. Both suicidal ideation and plans are known to be associated with immense psychological pain, which can lead to suicide attempts and greater risk of suicide death [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In relation to the research questions, it was hypothesized that, (1) client suicidal experiences (ideation, plans and attempts) prior to therapy will be related to the therapeutic alliance (client and therapist rated); (2) the therapeutic alliance (client and therapist rated) will be negatively associated with suicidal experiences (ideation, plans and attempts) posttherapy (part A), whilst controlling for suicidal ideation, depression, and hopelessness at baseline (part B). (3) The negative relationship between the therapeutic alliance and suicidal experiences post-therapy will be amplified by dose of therapy (total number of minutes of therapy sessions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between the Therapeutic Alliance and Suicidal Experiences in People with Psychosis Receiving Therapy

Huggett

Gooding

Haddock

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Few studies have examined the relationship between the therapeutic alliance in therapy and suicidal experiences. No studies have examined this relationship with people with non-affective psychosis. The present study sought to redress this gap in the literature. Sixty-four participants with non-affective psychosis and suicidal experiences who were receiving a suicide-focused cognitive therapy were recruited. Self-reported suicidal ideation, suicide plans, suicide attempts, depression, and hopelessness were collected from participants prior to starting therapy. Suicidal experience measures were collected again post-therapy at 6 months. Therapeutic alliance ratings were completed by clients and therapists at session 4 of therapy. Dose of therapy was documented in number of minutes of therapy. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficients, independent samples t-tests, a multiple hierarchical regression, and a moderated linear regression. There was no significant relationship found between suicidal ideation prior to therapy and the therapeutic alliance at session 4, rated by both client and therapist. However, there was a significant negative relationship between the client-rated therapeutic alliance at session 4 and suicidal ideation at 6 months, after controlling for pre-therapy suicidal ideation, depression, and hopelessness. Furthermore, the negative relationship between the client-rated alliance and suicidal ideation was the strongest when number of minutes of therapy was 15 h or below. A stronger therapeutic alliance developed in the first few sessions of therapy is important in ameliorating suicidal thoughts in people with psychosis. Nevertheless, it is not necessarily the case that more hours in therapy equates to a cumulative decrease in suicidal ideation of which therapists could be mindful. A limitation of the current study was that the alliance was analyzed only at session 4 of therapy, which future studies could seek to redress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Relationship between the Therapeutic Alliance and Suicidal Experiences in People with Psychosis Receiving Therapy

Huggett

Gooding

Haddock

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Schizophrenia, Psychosis, and Delusions

Stewart

2024

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Program Companion and Board Certification Exam Review Workbook

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An Exploration of the Co‐Occurrence of Hallucinations and Suicidal Mental Imagery Among Psychiatrically Hospitalised Adolescents at High Risk for Suicide

Thompson,

Visser,

Nail

et al. 2024

Early Intervention Psych

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IntroductionAdolescents with psychosis‐spectrum symptoms are at particularly high risk for suicide, however, little is known about how suicidal cognitions manifest in this population. Suicidal cognitions can occur as verbal thoughts and/or mental images of suicide, and mental images may be indicative of a higher risk for suicidal behaviours. Suicidal mental imagery could be a salient and important suicide‐related risk factor for adolescents with hallucinations in particular, however, the co‐occurrence of these phenomena has yet to be studied. In a sample of psychiatrically hospitalised adolescents, we hypothesize that hallucinations will be associated with increased suicidal mental imagery and suicide attempts.MethodsThis chart review study included data from 219 adolescents admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit. Adolescents completed an assessment battery probing hallucinations, suicidal cognitions, and suicide attempts.ResultsAdolescents with past‐month hallucinations had higher rates of past‐week suicidal verbal thoughts and suicidal mental imagery, but not suicide attempts, compared to those without hallucinations. Adolescents with hallucinations reported a younger onset of suicidal mental imagery, and they endorsed more frequent imagery. Past‐month hallucinations were significantly and positively associated with suicidal mental imagery, beyond the effects of internalising symptoms. Suicidal mental imagery was positively associated with past‐week suicide attempts, but past‐month hallucinations were not.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that hallucinations are linked to suicidal mental imagery, an important yet under‐studied risk factor for suicidal behaviour. These data highlight the need for more research exploring suicidal mental imagery among high‐risk adolescents experiencing hallucinations to inform suicide risk assessment and intervention.

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Relationships between hallucinations, delusions, depression, suicide ideation, and plan among adults presenting with psychosis in psychiatric emergency care

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

The Relationship between the Therapeutic Alliance and Suicidal Experiences in People with Psychosis Receiving Therapy

The Relationship between the Therapeutic Alliance and Suicidal Experiences in People with Psychosis Receiving Therapy

Schizophrenia, Psychosis, and Delusions

An Exploration of the Co‐Occurrence of Hallucinations and Suicidal Mental Imagery Among Psychiatrically Hospitalised Adolescents at High Risk for Suicide

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