Relationships between peripheral reactive hyperemia index with coronary plaque burden and prognosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Coronary plaque burden (CPB) is an important prognostic factor in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Our current study aims to investigate the relationships between peripheral reactive hyperemia index (RHI) with CPB and prognosis in patients with UAP complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods:The clinical data of 187 UAP-T2DM patients who were treated in our center from June 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively collected. RHI, CPB, and other clinical features were measured. The patients were followed up for 18 months and then divided into an adverse cardiovascular event (ACE) group (n=71, with ACEs) and a control group (n=116, without ACEs). The differences in RHI, CPB, and other clinical features between these two groups were compared, and the potential correlation between RHI and CPB was analyzed.Results: Compared with the control group, the ACE group had significantly lower RHI (1.21±0.32 vs.1.59±0.35, P=0.000) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (42.92%±7.78% vs. 48.90%±6.76%, P=0.000) and a significantly higher left ventricular myocardial mass index (2.67±0.87 vs. 2.27±0.49 mg/g, P=0.000), carotid intima-media thickness (1.65±0.34 vs. 1.51±0.32 mm, P=0.000), number of coronary plaques (3.98±0.53 vs. 3.32±0.38, P=0.000), non-calcified plaque volume (32.89±12.56 vs. 22.58±9.97 mm 3 , P=0.000), calcified plaque volume (4.89±1.29 vs. 3.88±1.05 mm 3 , P=0.000), non-calcified plaque burden (5.70%±1.60% vs. 3.18%±1.08%, P=0.000), and calcified plaque burden (0.90%±0.22% vs. 0.65%±0.19%, P=0.000). Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that peripheral RHI was negatively correlated with plaque number, non-calcified plaque volume, calcified plaque volume, non-calcified plaque burden, and calcified plaque burden in patients with UAP complicated with T2DM (all P<0.05).Conclusions: Decreased peripheral RHI is associated with ACEs and CPB in patients with UAP complicated with T2DM.

Vascular Health Promotion Project and Vascular Medicine in China-CCVM2004-2023

“…11 An 18-month follow-up study of patients with unstable angina pectoris and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) found that a decrease in peripheral RHI was associated with adverse cardiovascular events. 12 PAT also suffers from defects, such as blood flow to the peripheral vascular bed affected by autonomic tone and environment, and sensitivity to probe movement may lead to errors.The finger detection device uses disposable finger sleeves, which is slightly more expensive for clinical and research purposes.…”