Relationships Between Potassium Content and Body Composition*†

Kirton, A. H.; Pearson, A. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb17087.x

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Whole body gamma counters (WBC) are commonly used in body composition research for the assessment of total body potassium (TBK) Shypailo 1992, 1993). A TBK measurement is clinically useful in that it is accepted as an index of the metabolically active portion of fat-free mass (FFM), designated as body cell mass (BCM) (Cohn and Dombrowski 1970, Forbes and Hursh 1963, Kirton and Pearson 1963, Wang et al 2007. Although FFM can also be obtained by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-a technique that is prevalent in body composition research at this time (Kelly et al 2009, Binkovitz and Henwood 2007, Shypailo et al 2008-it may not provide an accurate estimate of BCM because the ratio of BCM to FFM appears to change with age (St-Onge et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole body counter calibration using Monte Carlo modeling with an array of phantom sizes based on national anthropometric reference data

Shypailo

Ellis

2011

Phys. Med. Biol.

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During construction of the whole body counter (WBC) at the Children's Nutrition Research Center (CNRC), efficiency calibration was needed to translate acquired counts of (40)K to actual grams of potassium for measurement of total body potassium (TBK) in a diverse subject population. The MCNP Monte Carlo n-particle simulation program was used to describe the WBC (54 detectors plus shielding), test individual detector counting response, and create a series of virtual anthropomorphic phantoms based on national reference anthropometric data. Each phantom included an outer layer of adipose tissue and an inner core of lean tissue. Phantoms were designed for both genders representing ages 3.5 to 18.5 years with body sizes from the 5th to the 95th percentile based on body weight. In addition, a spherical surface source surrounding the WBC was modeled in order to measure the effects of subject mass on room background interference. Individual detector measurements showed good agreement with the MCNP model. The background source model came close to agreement with empirical measurements, but showed a trend deviating from unity with increasing subject size. Results from the MCNP simulation of the CNRC WBC agreed well with empirical measurements using BOMAB phantoms. Individual detector efficiency corrections were used to improve the accuracy of the model. Nonlinear multiple regression efficiency calibration equations were derived for each gender. Room background correction is critical in improving the accuracy of the WBC calibration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole body counter calibration using Monte Carlo modeling with an array of phantom sizes based on national anthropometric reference data

Shypailo

Ellis

2011

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Criterion methods of body composition analysis for children and adolescents

Nielsen

Cassady

Janz

et al. 1993

American J Hum Biol

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The lack of chemical maturity, subsequent to normal growth and maturation, complicates the assessment of body composition in children. Even though known to overpredict percent body fat (%BF), the use of adult prediction equations is widespread in the pediatric literature. Many sex- and age-specific modified equations have been proposed. This study reports a cross-validation analysis of selected laboratory-based criterion methods in an attempt to identify the most appropriate reference which could be used in future validation studies of the more practical field/clinical testing methods. Subjects were 48 (24 boys and 24 girls) peripubertal children evenly distributed according to stage of maturation. Criterion measurements included body density (Db) by hydrostatic weighing, total body water (TBW) by deuterium oxide dilution, and total body mineral content (TMC) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Five different prediction models were evaluated. Test-retest reliabilty was high (ICC = .970 to .999). Of the prediction models tested, the four-component model was considered the most accurate laboratory-based criterion model since it involves measurement of the primary constituents of fat-free mass. Based on high r (≥.942) values, low standard errors of estimate (SEE = 1.8 %BF males, 1.1 %BF females); and low total prediction errors (TE = 1.9 %BF males, 2.0 %BF females), the Lohman age-adjusted prediction equation showed the best agreement with the four component model. If multiple testing facilities are unavailable, the Lohman two-component (Db) model would be the criterion method of choice. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Body Composition

Pearson

1965

Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Relationships Between Potassium Content and Body Composition*†

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Whole body counter calibration using Monte Carlo modeling with an array of phantom sizes based on national anthropometric reference data

Whole body counter calibration using Monte Carlo modeling with an array of phantom sizes based on national anthropometric reference data

Criterion methods of body composition analysis for children and adolescents

Body Composition

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