Relationships between specific antibody responses and clinical signs of dogs living in Tunisian endemic areas of canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum

Mhadhbi, Moez; Chaabouni, Azza; Bouabid, Cyrine; Sassi, Asma

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105906

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…However, our results show no statistical difference between ages. According to studies performed in Brazil and Tunisia, the highest prevalence was found in dogs with clinical stage II, i.e., moderate disease [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Prevalence of Leishmania infantum Linked to Breeds in Dogs? Characterization of Seropositive Dogs in Ibiza

Edo

Marín-Garcia

Llobat

2021

Animals

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Leishmaniosis is an important zoonotic protozoan disease primarily spread to the Mediterranean region by Leishmania infantum, the predominant protozoan species, which accounts for the majority of cases. Development of disease depends on the immune response of the definitive host and, predictably, their genetic background. Recent studies have revealed breed-typical haplotypes that are susceptible to the spread of the protozoan parasite. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of leishmaniosis on a Mediterranean island and determine the relationship between disease prevalence and breed. In addition, information on seropositive animals was recorded to characterize animals affected by the disease. To study the prevalence, a total of 3141 dogs were analyzed. Of these, the 149 infected animals were examined for age, sex, antibody titer, and disease stage. We observed a prevalence of 4.74%, which varied between breeds (p < 0.05). The Doberman Pinscher and Boxer breeds had the highest prevalence of leishmaniosis. Significant differences were observed between breeds with common ancestors, emphasizing the important genetic component. Finally, regarding the characterization of seropositive animals, the distribution is similar to other studies. We discovered a relationship (p < 0.05) between the number of antibody titers and the clinical disease stage, which was also present in Leishmania infantum, suggesting that the development of the disease depends on the humoral or Th2 immune response with ineffective antibodies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Prevalence of Leishmania infantum Linked to Breeds in Dogs? Characterization of Seropositive Dogs in Ibiza

Edo

Marín-Garcia

Llobat

2021

Animals

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Canine leishmaniasis in Maghreb countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Baaziz,

Sadeddine,

Zeroual

et al. 2024

Journal of Vector Borne Diseases

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Rickettsial infections are emerging and/or re-emerging disease that poses a serious global threat to humans and animals. Transmission to humans and animals is through the bite of the ectoparasites-ticks, fleas and chigger mites. Most of the Rickettsial diseases are endemic in India, but underdiagnosed. This review is aimed at analysing the prevalence of rickettsiosis in India and the advancement of rickettsial diagnosis. We have conducted a systematic review on the prevalence of rickettsial disease in India ranging from 1.3% to 46.6% for spotted fever, 2.4% to 77.8% for scrub typhus and 1% to 46.4% for Q fever, based on the literature published with the evidence of isolation, serological, and molecular diagnostics. The following search engines like Medline/PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and EBSCO were used to retrieve the articles from electronic databases by using appropriate keywords to track the emergence of these rickettsial diseases in India for the period of 1865 to till date. We retrieved 153 published rickettsial articles on hospital-based studies from India, that were purely made on the basis of prevalence and the laboratory parameters viz., Weil-Felix test (WF) and Rapid Immunochromatographic tests (RICT) with reference to the gold standard IFA and ELISA. More epidemiological studies are required for Epidemic typhus to know the exact prevalence status of this louse-borne rickettsiosis in India. Currently, there is no confirmed specific inflammatory marker for rickettsial diseases. Moreover, serological cross-reactivity is an important aspect, and it should be investigated in endemic areas, there is also a need to include molecular diagnostic techniques for further confirmation in healthcare settings.

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Canine leishmaniasis in Maghreb countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Baaziz,

Sadeddine,

Zeroual

et al. 2024

Journal of Vector Borne Diseases

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Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with Leishmania infantum and transmitted by female phlebotomine sandflies. It is prevalent in the Mediterranean basin, including the Maghreb region which comprises of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco. The environmental conditions in this area provide a suitable habitat for the proliferation of the phlebotomine sandfly, making it an endemic region for CanL. In this context, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of canine leishmaniasis in these three Maghreb countries, identifying the risk factors for L. infantum infection. Data were collected from 27 papers published between 1973 and 2022 selected from five databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect and Scopus. Our selection criteria included both descriptive and analytical studies on canine leishmaniasis in Maghreb, as well as epidemiological studies that reported the prevalence of leishmaniasis infection. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.4.1. based on predefined inclusion criteria. A total of 11,736 dogs were included in the analysis, among which 2481 were tested Leishmania positive cases. Over the years, the highest prevalence (68.32%) was recorded in Tiaret (Algeria) and the lowest (4.3%) in Tunisia. The examination of the risk factors revealed a heightened incidence of the disease in dogs of shepherd breeds, living in rural environments, displaying no apparent symptoms, and falling within the age range of 2 to 4 years. The findings presented in this study contribute a significant value to the exploration of leishmaniasis in this region, particularly by shedding light on the associated risk factors. Ultimately, substantial endeavors are warranted to enhance prevention, treatment, and overall control of the disease.

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Relationships between specific antibody responses and clinical signs of dogs living in Tunisian endemic areas of canine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Is the Prevalence of Leishmania infantum Linked to Breeds in Dogs? Characterization of Seropositive Dogs in Ibiza

Is the Prevalence of Leishmania infantum Linked to Breeds in Dogs? Characterization of Seropositive Dogs in Ibiza

Canine leishmaniasis in Maghreb countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Canine leishmaniasis in Maghreb countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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