Relationships of Low Cognitive Performance and Sleep Disorder With Functional Disabilities Among Older Adults

Abstract

Objectives This study examined the relationships of low cognitive performance and sleep disorder with functional disabilities among older adults. Methods: NHANES 2011–2014 data on 3179 individuals [Mage=69.71] were analyzed. Functional domains included: activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL) and leisure and social activities (LSA). Animal Fluency Test and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test assessed cognitive performance. Participants self-reported having physician-diagnosed sleep disorder. Results: Participants with both low cognitive performance and sleep disorder had 4- to 10-times greater odds for ADL, IADL, and LSA difficulties compared to the participants with no low cognitive performance/sleep disorder. Participants with only low cognitive performance and those with only sleep disorder were two to three times more likely to experience these difficulties. Discussion: Low cognitive performance and sleep disorder together or independently were associated with functional disabilities. Participants with both low cognitive performance and sleep disorder had higher odds of functional disabilities.