Relative examination of antioxidative enzymatic activities in plantlets of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. differentiated from hypocotyls in in vivo and ex vitro environment

Abstract

A plant regeneration protocol was devised for Cardiospermum halicacabum by means of aseptically extracted 7 days old hypocotyls forming adventitious shoots on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium harmonized with 0.7 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) producing a maximum of 18.20 ± 0.98 number of shoots in 94% cultures following 4 weeks. Subsequent subculturing for five passages, on a medium without plant growth regulators, tempted the highest shoot number (40.00 ± 1.15) with an average shoot length of 6.53 ± 0.49 cm after the fourth subculture. Histological sections confirmed the formation of multiple buds from hypocotyl explants. The expression of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase was found to be higher in acclimatized plants than in the in vitro cultured ones suggesting the involvement of these enzymes in shoot differentiation and in growth under external environment partly due to their ability to cope up with oxidative stress.

In vitro Response of Bougainvillea Explants and their Antioxidant Enzymatic Activities Treated with Naphthyl Acetic Acid-Based Synthetic Plant Growth Promoters

“…They also found a positive correlation between days of sub culturing and antioxidant enzyme production, but the increase was not linear. Anushi et al [21] have also found increased SOD activity when plantlets of Cardiospermum helicacabum L. were treated with plant growth regulators, and their results also support our findings. Similarly, Zaheer et al [40] have shown increased SOD levels in wheat seeds when they were soaked in different combinations of plant growth regulators.…”

“…Catalase activity was comparatively high in 21-day-old rather than 14-day-old tissue-cultured raised plantlets. Anushi et al [21] also found an increase in CAT level after 4 weeks as compared to 2-week-old in vitro-regenerated shoots.…”

“…There is also a growing interest to find the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant response in the growth and development of plant cells [21]. ROS behave as the second messenger in their response in plant tissue growth, development, and regulation [22].…”

Growth and Acclimatization Response of Sunflower Plantlets Treated with Naphthyl Acetic Acid-Based Environment Friendly Plant Growth Promoters

“…Anushi et al [32] found an increase in CAT and SOD activity in plantlets of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. in in vivo and ex vitro environment with the passage of time. They also found increases in CAT and SOD activity during the acclimatization period when plantlets were transferred into the soil.…”

Insights into nuclear DNA content, hydrogen peroxide and antioxidative enzyme activities during transverse thin cell layer organogenesis and ex vitro acclimatization of Malaxis wallichii, a threatened medicinal orchid

“…Recently, there has been a growing interest to study the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense mechanisms during shoot organogenesis, embryogenesis and ex vitro acclimatization of in vitro-derived plants (Gupta and Datta 2003;Jahan et al 2014). Under in vitro conditions, plants experience significant stress while exposed to extreme culture conditions (low light intensity, high relative humidity, limited gaseous exchange, higher sucrose or nitrogen levels and exogenous growth hormones) resulting in morphological and physiological disorders (Ahmed and Anis 2014a, b).…”