Release of Anticancer Drug 5-Fluorouracil from Different Ionically Crosslinked Alginate Beads

Abstract

In this research; the release of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) from different ionically crosslinked alginate (Alg) beads was investigated by using Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, and Ca<sup>2+</sup>, ions as crosslinking agent. The prepared beads were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning Electron Micros-copy (SEM). The drug release studies were carried out at three pH values 1.2, 6.8 and 7.4 respectively each for two hours. The effects of the preparation conditions as crosslinker type, drug/polymer (w/w) ratio, crosslinker concentration and time of exposure to crosslinker on the release of 5-FU were investigated for 6 hours at 37℃. It was observed that 5-FU release from the beads followed the order of Fe > Zn > Al > Ca-Alg and increased with increasing drug/polymer ratio. At the end of 6 hours, the highest 5-FU release was found to be 90% (w/w) for Fe-Alg beads at the drug/polymer ratio of 1/8 (w/w), crosslinker concentration of 0.05 M, exposure time of 10 minutes respectively. The swelling measurements of the beads supported the release results. Release kinetics was described by Fickian and non-Fickian approaches

Swelling kinetics, mechanical properties, and release characteristics of chitosan‐based semi‐IPN hydrogels

“…There are no apparent differences between the spectra of drug‐loaded and unloaded gels. The band at around 1247 cm −1 in the spectrum of drug‐loaded gels confirms the presence of the drug and shows the absence of any chemical interactions between the drug and the polymer.…”

“…In addition, the peak at around 1090 cm −1 in the spectra of CS : AAm semi‐IPN gels due to stretching vibration of C–O bond confirms the presence of CS. The characteristic bands at 3067, 1655, and 1242 in the spectra of 5‐FU indicate the N–H stretching vibration, CO stretching vibration and C–F stretching bands, respectively, and they are given in Figure (b) . There are no apparent differences between the spectra of drug‐loaded and unloaded gels.…”

“…5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is one of the oldest antitumor drugs used for the treatment of solid tumors such as breast, pancreas, colon, stomach, liver, and brain cancers . The target sites of 5‐FU are all organs of the human body, especially gastrointestinal tract .…”

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“…In addition, electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged capecitabine and the positively charged chitosan also becomes stronger, promoting the drug entrapment. [24] As shown by the response surface plot for Y 2 [ Figure 1] chitosan concentration was increased, the percentage drug release decreased. To obtain the optimized formulation, numerical optimization was performed in the software.…”

Investigation on the use of graphene as a unique drug delivery platform for dissimilar anticancer drugs

“…Figure 1(b) shows that the peak at 1275 cm -1 was belongs to C-F stretching band in the spectrum of 5-FU. The spectrum at 1650 cm -1 , 1625 cm -1 which peaks indicate presence of C=O stretching, 3335 cm -1 this peak shows that corresponds due to the N-H stretching of 5-Flurouracil [26] . Figure 1(c) this absorption is due to the N-H stretching of NH 3 group present in CDDP molecule, which was confirmed the encapsulation of CDDP on the graphene nanocarrier [27] .…”