Relevance of renin expression by real-time PCR in acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

The search for useful molecular markers in the diagnosis of AML and in the follow-up of minimal residual disease (MRD) has been the focus of many recent studies. Previous research showed that, while normal bone marrow cells lack expression of renin, myeloid blasts have been reported to do so. The aim was to study the expression of the renin gene by the use of real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) at diagnosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients (AML) and to assess its possible relevance in the prognosis and outcome of such patients. This study analysed 76 samples from patients with AML, with follow-up of positive patients. Thirty-one patients (41%) were positive for renin gene expression at diagnosis. All renin-positive patients at diagnosis showed no expression during complete remission (CR), but expression recurred in those experiencing relapse and persisted when the disease was refractory to treatment. Although the results suggest that the sub-group of renin-positive AML patients might have a worse outcome and a higher relapse rate (at 5 years, the projected rate of disease-free survival was 18.5 +/- 9.8% for renin-positive and 23.5 +/- 8.8% for renin-negative patients), no significant differences were found. It is believed that further studies should aim to validate whether such a difference exists, using a much larger and homogeneus group of patients.

Local bone marrow renin–angiotensin system in primitive, definitive and neoplastic haematopoiesis

“…Neoplastic malignant blood cells are derived from leukaemic stem cells within a complex series of pathological proliferative steps. There is preliminary evidence that the local BM RAS could affect neoplastic tumoral blood cell production [34][35][36][40][41][42][43][44][45]. The prominent functions of the local RAS in primitive embryonic haematopoiesis [21][22][23][24] support further the hypothesis that the local autocrine BM RAS could be active in neoplastic haematopoiesis.…”

Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) Expressions in Myeloid Leukemic Cell Lines.

“…24,25 Renin is expressed in some myeloid human leukemia cell lines such as K562, KU812 and MEG-01. 9,18,26 Renin system is present in the K562 leukemic cell line in vitro model. Multipotential, hematopoietic malignant K562 leukemic blast cells also exhibited significant expressions of the renin, ANGTS and ACE.…”

“…All renin-positive patients at diagnosis showed no expression during complete remission (CR), but expression recurred in those experiencing relapse and persisted when the disease was refractory to treatment. 18 The chimeric protein NUP98-HOXA9, is a prototype of several NUP98 fusions that occur in AML and myelodysplastic syndromes. NUP98-HOXA9 affects the differentiation, proliferation, and gene expression of the primary human CD34+ hematopoietic cells.…”

“…Renin expression was disappeared during the complete remission of AML. 17,18 The aim of the present study is to search critical RAS elements in myeloid leukemic cell lines. For this aim, KG-1 AML and HL-60 promyelocytic cell lines were analyzed via the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR).…”

Local Renin-Angiotensin System in Normal Hematopoietic and Multiple Myeloma-Related Progenitor Cells

“…Malignant blood cells, including multiple myeloma (MM) cells, are derived from the clonal neoplastic stem cells within a complex series of pathological proliferative steps. The local BM RAS could affect neoplastic tumoral blood cell production [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. The local RAS is effective even in embryonic hematopoiesis [23,24,25,26].…”