Reliability analysis of underwater optical communication links in different locations through Caspian Sea

Kazemian, E.; Kashani, F.D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.03.080

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…where áñ denotes averaging value of ensemble. Based on the signal to noise ratio and noise equivalent to power (NEP) concepts, SNR is given as follows [2,19]: According to the data acquisition rate of experiments, NEP is calculated based on the manufacturer's data sheet of the used detector.…”

Section: Data Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The attenuation due to absorption and scattering is derived based on Beer's law as an exponential function of attenuation coefficient and propagation length. The absorption and scattering coefficients are calculated using a simplified formula just depending on chlorophyll concentration [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As is mentioned, the attenuation due to absorption and scattering is a well-defined function of chlorophyll concentration [17,19]. Optical turbulence caused by temperature fluctuations in atmosphere and variations in either temperature or salinity in underwater, degrades electro-optic transmission [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental study of the effects of thermally induced optical turbulence on underwater wireless optical communication link parameters

Yousefi¹,

Kashani²,

Aghajani³

et al. 2020

J. Opt.

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In this experimental research, the effects of refractive index fluctuations resulting from temperature fluctuations on some of the most important underwater communication link parameters such as the average received power, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and normalized power variance (aperture averaged scintillation) has been experimentally investigated. Moreover, by introducing a new probability density function which is fitted more appropriately to the experimental data obtained from our simulator tank, the bit error rate (BER) behavior of an underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) link is also studied. These investigations are essential due to the optical turbulence limiting effects on the performance of UWOC systems. The experimental results indicate that reduction of the aperture averaged scintillation effects by using of optical components in the transmitter and receiver of UWOC links can enhance their performance. In general, increasing the strength of the optical turbulence (by increasing the temperature gradient induced by the rod heater) or the distance of the localized turbulence screen generated by temperature gradient from the transmitter plane, the aperture averaged scintillation decreases and consequently the SNR raises whilst the BER declines. Also, expanding the aperture diameter of the receiver optics reduces the normalized power variance which leads to decrease and increase in the BER and the SNR amounts, respectively. The results are presented as experimental simulation graphs.

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Section: Data Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental study of the effects of thermally induced optical turbulence on underwater wireless optical communication link parameters

Yousefi¹,

Kashani²,

Aghajani³

et al. 2020

J. Opt.

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show abstract

“…5G/5G+, etc, [6]. Such communications systems are also used in underwater environment, [7]. Besides, the performance characteristics of the FSO communication links depend strongly on the channel state, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the block error rate of FSO links with diversity over mixture gamma turbulence channels

Stassinakis

Androutsos

Sinanović

et al. 2021

Journal of Modern Optics

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Recently, wireless communications started incorporating free space optical (FSO) systems to a large extent due to their high bandwidth and the low installation and operational cost. However, their performance deteriorates significantly due the weather conditions and the atmospheric phenomena. A very significant issue is the atmospheric turbulence which causes the scintillation effect and results in fast power fluctuations at the receiver which can be modelled through the appropriate stochastic models. A recently presented, accurate and with relatively simple mathematical form is the Mixture Gamma distribution. In order to improve the system's performance, various methods have been proposed and the receivers' diversity has proven to be a very effective one. In this work, for first time to the best of our knowledge, the average block error rate (BLER) performance of a terrestrial FSO communication link with receivers' diversity is estimated and new mathematical expressions are derived, for weak to strong turbulence channels with the Mixture Gamma distribution which emulate accurately the most of the well-known turbulence models. The derivation of the specific mathematical expressions is significant, especially for the modern FSO communication systems and networks with very high data rates, because if the BLER performance is known, the most efficient coding scheme can be chosen. Finally, using the new derived theoretical outcomes, the corresponding numerical results are presented for common FSO link parameters.

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“…The reliability of underwater optical communication systems in different areas of the Caspian Sea was also discussed. 39 Table I illustrates a comparison between POF, glass optical fiber (GOF), and copper wire.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Plastic and Glass Optical Fibers for Reliable Home Networking

Manea¹,

Molood²,

Al-Jubouri³

et al. 2023

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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Home networking using fiber optics is essential for uninterrupted data transmission in modern communication networks. In this study, we evaluate and compare the reliability of plastic optical fibers (POFs) and glass optical fibers (GOFs) for home networking applications and assess the advantages and disadvantages of POF and GOF over short distances. We conclude that POF is more suitable for home network applications due to its higher reliability and that it has the advantage of being cost-effective and flexible for short-distance applications. The results show that POF indicates higher reliability and better performance at 82.5517 of the Q factors, 0.00221355 of the eye height, and 0.0028307 of the threshold values at 30 meters, while GOF shows 63.0051 of the Q factor, 0.00378087 of the eye height, and 0.00434736 of the threshold values. Moreover, this research highlights the importance of reliability in designing and applying optical fiber networks and can help network designers and engineers make informed decisions when selecting the appropriate type of optical fiber for specific applications.

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Reliability analysis of underwater optical communication links in different locations through Caspian Sea

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Experimental study of the effects of thermally induced optical turbulence on underwater wireless optical communication link parameters

Experimental study of the effects of thermally induced optical turbulence on underwater wireless optical communication link parameters

On the block error rate of FSO links with diversity over mixture gamma turbulence channels

A Comparative Study of Plastic and Glass Optical Fibers for Reliable Home Networking

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