Reliability and Validity of the Footprint Assessment Method Using Photoshop CS5 Software

Gutiérrez-Vilahú, Lourdes; Massó-Ortigosa, Núria; Costa-Tutusaus, Lluís; Guerra-Balic, Myriam

doi:10.7547/0003-0538-105.3.226

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We used three types of footprints parameters to determine the foot arch; Clark's angle, Chippaux-Smirak index, and Staheli index indices were calculated twice by the same person. We used a photoshop CS5 software to measure the footprint arching parameters [9]. Clark's angle as defined by Clark [10] is the angle between two lines; first line connects the medial aspect of the first metatarsal bone and the medial side of the heal, where the second line that crosses a line at first metatarsal bone to the acme of the medial longitudinal arch concavity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flatfoot Prevalence in Riyadh City Saudi Arabia And Its Association with Obesity, Using Three Footprint Indices; Clark’s Angle, Chippaux-Smirak Index, and Staheli Index

Almaaw¹

2019

OROAJ

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Flatfoot has a number of complications if left untreated. Worsening pain started along the aspect of the posterior tibial tendon, and structural foot deformities such as forefoot abduction and hindfoot valgus are possible complications seen in flatfoot patients [5]. Flatfoot is mainly a clinical diagnosis. However, radiological studies and a podoscope examination can also diagnose flatfoot [6][7][8]. The prevalence of flatfoot

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flatfoot Prevalence in Riyadh City Saudi Arabia And Its Association with Obesity, Using Three Footprint Indices; Clark’s Angle, Chippaux-Smirak Index, and Staheli Index

Almaaw¹

2019

OROAJ

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“…[ 48 ] It has been used in pediatric practice [ 49 , 50 ] and validated in this type of population. [ 51 , 52 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between foot posture and dental malocclusions in children aged 6 to 9 years

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to determine the association, if any, between foot posture and dental malocclusions in the anteroposterior plane, in children.The study population consisted of 189 children (95 boys and 94 girls) aged 6 to 9 years. In every case, previous informed consent was requested and obtained from the parent/guardian and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Málaga (CEUMA 26/2015H).This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis is based on a study population (STROBE). Qualified personnel conducted a podiatric and dental examination of each child, recording the Clarke angle and the foot posture index (FPI) as an outcomes measure in the feet, and also dental malocclusions, according to Angle classification.A significant correlation was observed for the FPI scores (for right foot) as well as the Clarke angle (for right foot), in relation to dental malocclusions as determined by Angle classification (P < .001). Of all the supinated feet analyzed, 38.46% were Class II according to Angle classification, and none were Class III. Of the pronated feet, 48.57% were Class III, 42.85% were Class I, and 8.57% were Class II.The Clarke angle decreases with the progression from Class I to III, whereas the FPI increases with that from Class I to III. These findings suggest there is a relation between the Clarke angle and FPI, on the one hand, and dental malocclusion on the other.

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“…Even with an interval of 7 to 10 days between the assessments, the arch index remained reliable among the raters. Accordingly, a previous study comparing the data from three different plantar arch indices (Chippaux-Smirak, Staheli, and Clarke) assessed by a manual method and using Photoshop CS5 Software revealed good agreement among the techniques, indicating that the two have clinical applicability for assessing young people's footprints 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Intra- and inter-rater reliability in the assessment and classification of the longitudinal plantar arch of children 6 to 10 years of age

Beliche

Hamú

Santos

et al. 2021

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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This study aimed to analyze the intra-and inter-rater reliability in the assessment and classification of the longitudinal plantar arch of children from 6 to 10 years old in the eyes-open (EO) testing condition. Methods: A total of two-hundred and seventy-eight Brazilian children (556 feet), boys and girls, from 6 to 10 years of age participated in the study. The children's feet were examined on a baropodometric platform, and the Staheli index was used for calculating the plantar arch index. Footprint analyses were performed at two different times, with an interval of 7 to 10 days, by three physical therapists in a single testing condition, resulting in 3,336 footprints. To determine the reliability of the continuous measurements, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), Standard error of the mean (SEM), absolute value and percentage, and the Minimum Detectable Change (MDC) were calculated. To determine the reliability of the longitudinal arch classification, inter-rater reliability was evaluated by Weighted Fleiss Kappa Coefficient and the test-retest reliability was estimated by Weighted Cohen Kappa Coefficient. Results: Regarding inter-rater reliability, we observed values of ICC ranging from 0.79 to 0.96; thus, the results were classified as substantial to excellent reliability), being the lowest ICC values occur for line B, mainly in the first assessments. SEM ranges from 0.08 to 0.21 (percentage: 3.74 to 28.7), being the best, the lowest SEM values occur for Plantar Arch Index assessments and the MDC varies between 0.22 and 0.59. Regarding intra-rater reliability, the results indicated excellent reliability: values of ICC range from 0.92 to 0.99, being the lowest ICC values also occurs for line B analysis. SEM ranges from 0.03 to 0.20 (percentage: 2.32 to 26.6), being the lowest SEM values occur for Plantar Arch Index assessments and MDC varies between 0.09 and 0.54. Analyzing the interrater reliability for the longitudinal arch classifications, we observed values of Weighted Fleiss Kappa Coefficient ranging from 0.83 to 0.87, expressing almost perfect agreement among the raters before and after evaluations. The testretest reliability of the longitudinal arch classification resulted in values of Weighted Cohen Kappa Coefficient ranging from 0.80 to 0.996, expressing substantial to almost perfect agreement intra-rater. Conclusion: The study showed high reliability in the clinical assessment of the longitudinal plantar arch index of children from 6 to 10 years of age indicating that the Staheli method is applicable to pressure platform assessments with intra-and inter-rate reliability.

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Reliability and Validity of the Footprint Assessment Method Using Photoshop CS5 Software

Abstract: The reliability and validity of a method to measure, assess, and record the podometric indices using Photoshop CS5 software has been demonstrated. This provides a quick and accurate tool useful for the digital recording of morphostatic foot study parameters and their control.

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Flatfoot Prevalence in Riyadh City Saudi Arabia And Its Association with Obesity, Using Three Footprint Indices; Clark’s Angle, Chippaux-Smirak Index, and Staheli Index

Flatfoot Prevalence in Riyadh City Saudi Arabia And Its Association with Obesity, Using Three Footprint Indices; Clark’s Angle, Chippaux-Smirak Index, and Staheli Index

Relationship between foot posture and dental malocclusions in children aged 6 to 9 years

Intra- and inter-rater reliability in the assessment and classification of the longitudinal plantar arch of children 6 to 10 years of age

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