Reliability of a three-dimensional facial camera for dental and medical applications: A pilot study

Facial scanning technologies in the era of digital workflow: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

“…Among the 29 studies included in the systematic review, different study groups were identified: the most common control group was direct anthropometry. Among the studied groups, static-stereophotogrammetry was the most represented with 14 study groups [9,10,19,[23][24][25][26]29,31,36,38,43]; eight studies investigated infrared structured light [9,12,35,38,39,[42][43][44][45]; six studies considered portable-stereophotogrammetry [32][33][34][39][40][41] and structured light [9,20,28,30,37,38], while laser scanners [18,21,22,27,40] were investigated in five groups. Only one study reported the use of LED structured light [9].…”

“…The measurement technique and number and type of landmarks used for the assessment were collected. Seventeen studies [12,[18][19][20][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]31,32,[36][37][38][39] investigated only linear measures using a range of 6-48 landmarks, four studies [21,40,43,44] investigated both linear and angular measures, and four [34,42,45] investi-gated both linear measures and surface-to-surface deviation. Three types of measurements were employed in two articles [29,33], and two [9,30] additionally investigated surface-to-surface deviation only.…”

“…The longest scanning time was attributed to the use of laser scanner with about 30 s [18,21]. On the contrary the fastest were the static-stereophotogrammetry technologies between 0.03 and 0.09 s [9,19,20,[23][24][25][26][28][29][30][33][34][35][36]38,41,43]. Structured light requires 20 s and 10 s [28,30,37,38], portable-stereophotogrammetry [32][33][34][39][40][41][42], and new laser scanners [22,27,40].…”

Comparação da exatidão e precisão do escaneamento facial 3D por meio de dois aplicativos: Bellus 3D® versus +ID Recap®

“…Os métodos tradicionais de avaliação das técnicas de digitalização facial incluem comparações de medições lineares antropométricas. 5,6,21,24 Estas técnicas podem ser limitadas quando se deseja fazer uma avaliação de uma área específica. Além disso, estes métodos podem estar sujeitos ao erro humano ou imprecisões no momento da colocação dos pontos de referência e da análise dos dados.…”

“…Na literatura o desempenho dos escâneres faciais foi relatado com um desvio médio inferior a 2 mm. 6,11,15,17 Neste estudo, a diferença da média para ambos métodos foi inferior a 1mm. Essas diferenças observadas não teriam provavelmente um impacto clínico significativo, considerando que a literatura sugere que os desvios inferiores a 2 mm são considerados aceitáveis.…”