Removal of mercury vapor from air with sulfur-impregnated adsorbents

Control of Toxic Metal Emissions from Combustors Using Sorbents: A Review

“…Matsumura 164 reported that iodized activated carbons adsorbed significantly higher concentrations of mercury compared to virgin carbons. Otani et al 138,165 and Metzger and Braun 166 reported that high sulfur loadings did not affect capacity and that the sulfur could be impregnated without the loss of active sites. Krishnan et al 17 reported that higher temperatures destroyed active sites and resulted in a reduction in the adsoprtive capacity.…”

Sorbents for mercury removal from flue gas

“…The number of collisions between mercury and the sorbent is determined in part by the flue gas residence time with the sorbent, 41 mercury concentration in the flue gas, flue gas temperature, and mixing between the sorbent and gas, i.e., reactor design.…”

“…These materials include activated carbons [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], noble metals [22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], base metals [30,34,35], selenium [36], and metal oxides [37][38][39][40][41][42]. In addition, many chemicals that increase the capacity of activated carbons for mercury have been examined.…”

“…In addition, many chemicals that increase the capacity of activated carbons for mercury have been examined. These chemicals, which include halides [24,25,40,43,44], sulfides [23,28], sulfur [16][17][18][21][22][40][41][42]64,73], and lime [8,9,16], are called promoters. The experimental apparatus and scale of the different investigations varied considerably.…”

“…These oxides are manganese dioxide [37], hopcalite [38], vanadium oxides [39], alumina and chemically promoted inert oxides [25,[40][41][42], and silica [80,81].…”