Renal effects of calcitonin and parathyroid extract in man

Abstract

A B S T R A C T To clarify the controversial renal action of calcitonin (CT) and a possible interrelationship between CT and parathyroid hormone, eight patients with untreated surgical hypoparathyroidism were studied. Various calcitonins, i.e. extracted porcine, synthetic porcine, synthetic human, and synthetic salmon CT in doses of 150 Medical Research Council U or 1.5 mg were infused over a 3 hr period. Subsequently, six of the same subjects received 500 USP U parathyroid extract (PTE) (Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Ind.) in 3 hr and later a combination of CT and PTE. In addition, two patients were given an infusion of ammonium phosphate with the aim of producting a phosphaturia of comparable degree as seen after CT and PTE, thus differentiating hormonal from nonhormonal influences on cation excretion. A protocol of serial clearance (C) studies using the patients as their own controls was followed. Serum and urinary inorganic phosphate (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and creatinine (Cr) were determined and the clearance values calculated.All

Calcitonin gene products and the kidney

“…Calcitonin lowers serum calcium levels through inhibition of bone resorption [37]. In the kidney, calcitonin stimulates the urinary excretion of calcium, phosphate, sodium, potassium and chloride, and enhances 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol production [5,20,25,32].…”

“…Calcitonin exerts pronounced tubular effects such as the enhancement of the urinary fractional excretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium and phosphate, and stimulation of urinary flow [5,20,32].…”

“…Calcitonin lowers serum calcium levels through inhibition of bone resorption [37]. In the kidney, calcitonin stimulates the urinary excretion of calcium, phosphate, sodium, potassium and chloride, and enhances 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol production [5,20,25,32].CGRP is predominantly synthesized in the nervous system and is frequently found in peripheral nerves associated with blood vessels, but CGRP has also been identified in the normal human thyroid gland and in thyroid C-cells [17,21,41]. Much like the secretion of calcitonin, the release of CGRP from C-cells is stimulated by raised extracellular calcium concentrations [21].…”

Effects of elcatonin on plasma and urine electrolytes in infant beagles.

“…Thus, ECT in the dose used here appears to act directly on kidneys and reduce renal excretion of calcium. In contrast, calcitonin produces hypercalciuria in humans (15)(16)(17)(18) and sheep (19), possibly by its action on renal tubular reabsorption. The fact that the plasma calcium was lowered despite a decrease in calcium excretion suggests that ECT inter feres with bone resorption of calcium and may promote calcium bone deposition (20).…”

Effects of calcitonin and other hormones on bile calcium excretion in thyroparathyroidectomized rats.

“…It is well known that calcitonin (CT) has a hypocalcemic effect which is reportedly attributed to the inhibition of bone resorption (Johnston et al, 1966), the reduction of intestinal calcium absorption (Olson et al, 1972), and the increase in urinary calcium excretion (Haas et al, 1971) by a hormone. Recently it was reported that the excretion of calcium into the bile is increased by the ,plevation of serum calcium, and that the increase in bile calcium excretion is prevented by thyroparathyroidectomy (Yamaguchi and Yamamoto, 1978a).…”