Renewable Energy based Automatic Water Level Monitoring for an Overhead Water Tank – A Prototype System

Abstract

Resources provide enough energy to meet our needs to heat our houses, power our cities, and run our cars. Renewable resources also produce clean energy and greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change. Nowadays, every one of us depends on using machine-based or other kinds of work to fulfil our day-to-day requirements, which include working with electricity. However, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy-based electricity must be increased to meet their daily requirements. In this paper, we come across the concept of a solar energy-based household water pump system to mitigate the AC supply usage for this purpose. In this, we used a solar panel to extract the solar energy to charge the battery up to 12V DC supply, and also, a rectifier circuit was used to charge the battery in the absence of solar energy through a step-down center-tapped transformer. The battery was charging in hybrid mode. Utilizing a driver circuit, the battery’s output is connected to an inverter circuit to boost the AC supply up to 230V. As a result, this arrangement gives us an uninterrupted AC supply used to test AC load, such as a bulb operating on a 230V AC supply. This idea is verified with a proteus software tool to drive for an application of automated switching ON/OFF water pumping 1-Φ induction motor to an overhead tank was performed using a relay circuit and also tested with a prototype hardware kit by connecting a bulb as the load at the output side.