Repeated acquisition as a behavioral baseline

Thompson, Donald M.

doi:10.3758/bf03331861

Cited by 41 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…These effects, obtained with monkeys, are comparable to previously reported effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine on the responding of pigeons under similar conditions of repeated acquisition (Thompson, 1973(Thompson, , 1977(Thompson, , 1978. Experiment 1 also extends the generality of an- (Downs & Woods, 1975;Gonzalez & Goldberg, 1977;Johanson, 1978;Kelleher & Morse, 1964;Wilson 8c Schuster, 1975;Woods & Tessel, 1974 rate-decreasing effects of d-amphetamine lasted longer than those of cocaine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The chains were carefully selected to be equivalent in several ways and there were restrictions on their ordering across sessions (see Thompson, 1973). An example of a typical set of six chains is as follows: Left-Right-Center-Right (LRCR), CLRL, LRLC, RCRL, CLCR, RCLC; the order of the associated forms was always the same: horizontal line, triangle, vertical line, circle (reinforcement).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disruptive effects of both drugs on behavior in the learning component were attenuated when the drugs were administered during the session after the response chain had been acquired. It was concluded that the greater sensitivity of the learning component to disruptive drug effects is related to the relatively weak stimulus control and/or the lower rate of reinforcement associated with that component.Key words: repeated acquisition, multiple schedule, response chains, d-amphetamine, cocaine, prefeeding, stimulus control, key press, monkeysPrevious research has shown that repeatedacquisition baselines are sensitive to the effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine in rats (Schrot, Boren, Moerschbaecher, & Simoes Fontes, 1978) and pigeons (Moerschbaecher, Boren, Schrot, & Simoes Fontes, 1979;Thompson, 1973Thompson, , 1977Thompson, , 1978. In Thompson's experiments, pigeons acquired a different four-response chain each session by responding sequentially on three keys in the presence of four colors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has shown that repeatedacquisition baselines are sensitive to the effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine in rats (Schrot, Boren, Moerschbaecher, & Simoes Fontes, 1978) and pigeons (Moerschbaecher, Boren, Schrot, & Simoes Fontes, 1979;Thompson, 1973Thompson, , 1977Thompson, , 1978. In Thompson's experiments, pigeons acquired a different four-response chain each session by responding sequentially on three keys in the presence of four colors.…”

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confidence: 99%

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AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF d‐AMPHETAMINE AND COCAINE ON THE ACQUISITION AND PERFORMANCE OF RESPONSE CHAINS IN MONKEYS

Thompson

Moerschbaecher

1979

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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In one component of a multiple schedule of food presentation, monkeys acquired a different four-response chain each session by responding sequentially on three keys in the presence of four geometric forms (learning). In the other component, the four-response chain was the same each session (performance). Both d-amphetamine and cocaine, at the higher doses, disrupted the behavior in the learning component; the overall response rate decreased, the overall accuracy was impaired (i.e., percent errors increased), and there was less within-session error reduction. The performance component was generally less sensitive than the learning component to the disruptive effects of both drugs on rate and accuracy. After prefeeding or during an extended session, the response rate decreased in both components, but accuracy was generally unaffected. When the four discriminative stimuli in both components were removed, the behavior was disrupted to a greater extent in the performance component. The disruptive effects of both drugs on behavior in the learning component were attenuated when the drugs were administered during the session after the response chain had been acquired. It was concluded that the greater sensitivity of the learning component to disruptive drug effects is related to the relatively weak stimulus control and/or the lower rate of reinforcement associated with that component.Key words: repeated acquisition, multiple schedule, response chains, d-amphetamine, cocaine, prefeeding, stimulus control, key press, monkeysPrevious research has shown that repeatedacquisition baselines are sensitive to the effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine in rats (Schrot, Boren, Moerschbaecher, & Simoes Fontes, 1978) and pigeons (Moerschbaecher, Boren, Schrot, & Simoes Fontes, 1979;Thompson, 1973Thompson, , 1977Thompson, , 1978. In Thompson's experiments, pigeons acquired a different four-response chain each session by responding sequentially on three keys in the presence of four colors. As the dose of each drug was increased, the overall response rate decreased, the overall accuracy was impaired (i.e., percent errors increased), and there was less within-session error reduction (acquisition). Similar disruptive drug effects were obtained in the Moerschbaecher et al. (1979)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF d‐AMPHETAMINE AND COCAINE ON THE ACQUISITION AND PERFORMANCE OF RESPONSE CHAINS IN MONKEYS

Thompson

Moerschbaecher

1979

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…Thus, Boren and Devine had established a baseline of acquisition. Thompson (1970Thompson ( , 1971) modified this procedure for use with pigeons. The subjects were trained to peck at one of four response keys with a specific sequence of keys, each identified by a different hue, defined as correct.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serial discrimination reversal learning as a repeated-acquisition method to test drug effects

Calhoun

Jones

1979

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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A repeated-acquisition procedure utilizing serial discrimination reversal (SDR) was developed to test drug effects on acquisition. Rats were trained on SDR until successive acquisitions were uniform and repeatable. Scopolamine, DL-amphetamine, and tranylcypromine were tested for effects on acquisition with this method. DL-amphetamine and tranylcypromine facilitated acquisition; scopolamine disrupted discrimination. This paper reports results of a repeated-acquisition procedure developed for use with rats. Repeatedacquisition procedures derive from work by Boren (e.g., Boren & Devine, 1968) and have been extended by Jones (1974a, 1974b) and Thompson (1970Thompson ( , 1971. In the Boren procedure, monkeys were trained to respond in a four-unit chain. The manipulanda were four groups of three response levers, and the monkeys were required to press a given sequence of four levers, one from each group, in order to receive food. Errors during the acquisition of each successive response chain were recorded. Following training of many sequences of four-unit chains, acquisition of new chains was uniform and stable. Thus, Boren and Devine had established a baseline of acquisition. Thompson (1970Thompson ( , 1971) modified this procedure for use with pigeons. The subjects were trained to peck at one of four response keys with a specific sequence of keys, each identified by a different hue, defined as correct. After the animals had learned many such sequences, acquisition of additional sequences followed a predictable pattern. Thompson (1973Thompson ( , 1975 next tested for drug effects on this baseline. In this paper, we demonstrate that a similar procedure can be used with rats, and that a repeatable baseline of acquisition can be obtained. Next, the effects of several drugs were tested.

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Repeated acquisition of three‐response chains for food reinforcement in the rat

Pollard

McBennett

Rohrbach

et al. 1981

Drug Development Research

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Adult male hooded rats responding on three contact sensors for food reinforcement were trained to acquire a different three-response sequence each day. Twelve threeresponse sequences were used: with minor exceptions, the series of 12 was run four times in two rats and twice in one rat. Elapsed time and error rate for a given sequence declined over sessions and within sessions. Some sequences generated higher error rates than others. Results were generally consistent with previous results from pigeons emitting four-response sequences. Application to the testing of drugs for therapeutic effects on cognitive deficits associated with aging is discussed.Key words: repeated acquisition, chained schedule, contact sensor, rat Repeated acquisition is an operant procedure in which the subject earns reinforcement by acquiring a different response sequence in successive sessions. Boren designed the original paradigm using the monkey [Boren and Devine, 19681. Most of the published data on repeated acquisition were generated in the pigeon. The standard chain procedure developed by D.M. Thompson required the bird to make four responses on three keys in a specified sequence to obtain food, with the sequence being changed from session to session [Thompson, 19701. Error rate was reduced to a steady state within sessions and from day to day after about 30 sessions, with the exception that "easy" sequences, including leftmiddle-right (LMR) or right-middle-left (RML), produced lower error rates than other sequences [Thompson, 197 11. With sequences selected to be equivalent in several waysexcluding those involving LMR, RML, RR, MM, LL, or repetition of the same sequence within two or three sessions-overall accuracy was either impaired or not changed by the following psychoactive drugs:

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Repeated acquisition as a behavioral baseline

Cited by 41 publications

References 4 publications

AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF d‐AMPHETAMINE AND COCAINE ON THE ACQUISITION AND PERFORMANCE OF RESPONSE CHAINS IN MONKEYS

AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF d‐AMPHETAMINE AND COCAINE ON THE ACQUISITION AND PERFORMANCE OF RESPONSE CHAINS IN MONKEYS

Serial discrimination reversal learning as a repeated-acquisition method to test drug effects

Repeated acquisition of three‐response chains for food reinforcement in the rat

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