Repeated Spontaneous Abortion. Cooperative Effects of ADA and ACP1 Genetic Polymorphisms

Abstract

The data are in agreement with those expected on the basis of the effects of ACP1 and ADA genetic variability on T-cell receptor activity and suggest a cooperative effect of the two polymorphic systems in the susceptibility/resistance to repeated spontaneous abortion.

The ADA∗2 allele of the adenosine deaminase gene (20q13.11) and recurrent spontaneous abortions: an age-dependent association

“…Hence, from a preliminary overview, the results presented in this study are different from those observed for Italian women in whom the ADA*2 allele was associated with a lower risk of RSA 10,11…”

“…Because adenosine acts as a hormone that regulates blood flow, neurotransmission and platelet aggregation and is a potent vasodilator,25,26 its presence in the uterus and the placenta could contribute to a reduced rate of early loss of zygotes or fetuses, thus protecting ADA*2 -carrying women against RSA 10,11. This protection may be especially relevant for women older than 35 years of age.…”

“…In a previous report, Nicotra et al10 observed that the frequency of the ADA*2 allele is lower in European women who suffer RSA than those who do not, suggesting a protective effect of this allele against RSA and higher fertility rates among women with ADA*2 allele. Recently, these same authors observed a synergic effect of ACP1 (low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase) and ADA polymorphisms with respect to RSA 11. These authors concluded that women with high ADA activity and low ACP1 activity have a higher susceptibility to RSA.…”

Immunologic factors and reproductive success in women with primary repeated spontaneous abortion

“…Demographic and clinical characteristics on the sample have been described in detail elsewhere (5). The women included in this analysis had two or more consecutive abortions.…”

“…The study of this cohort of women started about 15 years ago. ANA and ACA determination have been performed in all women as previously described (5). Reproductive success was reevaluated at a 5-year follow-up.…”