Replacement of Fishmeal with Plant Protein Ingredients in Diets to Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) – Effects on Weight Gain and Accretion

Espe, Marit; El‐Mowafi, Adel; Ruohonen, Kari

doi:10.5772/29975

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Replacement of fish meal protein by plant protein sources has shown promising results in Atlantic salmon (Espe et al . ) and in cobia (Chou et al . ; Zhou et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant protein sources are often not very well balanced in IAAs (Venero et al 2008); therefore, when a plant proteinbased diet is formulated, it is important to combine different protein ingredients and/or add crystalline amino acids to meet the requirements for the species (Wilson 2002;Espe et al 2006). Replacement of fish meal protein by plant protein sources has shown promising results in Atlantic salmon (Espe et al 2012) and in cobia (Chou et al 2004;Zhou et al 2005;Lunger et al 2007a,b;Romarheim et al 2008). The test diets used in the present experiment were formulated with a high inclusion of plant ingredient and also represent a starting point for producing diets for cobia with low levels of marine ingredients.…”

Section: Tanksmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Imbalanced lysine to arginine ratios reduced performance in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fed high plant protein diets

et al. 2013

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Cobia (8.4 ± 0.1 g body weight) were fed to satiation with three test diets of high plant protein‐based ingredients and different lysine to arginine ratios, and one commercial diet (currently used for cobia rearing in Vietnam as a control for growth) for 6 weeks. The test diets contained 206 g marine ingredients kg−1, including fishmeal, krill meal and fish protein concentrate (in order of high to low inclusion), while the rest of the dietary protein was a blend of soya and pea protein concentrate, wheat protein and sunflower meal. Crystalline lysine and arginine were added in the test diets to produce either a balanced lysine to arginine ratio (BL/A; 1.1) and a high or low lysine to arginine ratio (HL/A; 1.8 and LL/A; 0.8, respectively). There were no significant differences in final body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio or protein gain between cobia fed BL/A‐ and commercial control diet (CCT). Cobia fed BL/A diet performed better than fish fed either HL/A‐ or LL/A diet. This was partly due to a higher feed intake and protein and lipid gain in cobia fed BL/A diet as compared to HL/A‐ and LL/A diet.

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“…Replacement of fish meal protein by plant protein sources has shown promising results in Atlantic salmon (Espe et al . ) and in cobia (Chou et al . ; Zhou et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tanksmentioning

confidence: 98%

Imbalanced lysine to arginine ratios reduced performance in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fed high plant protein diets

et al. 2013

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“…In intensive farming, limited supply and high price of fishmeal have resulted in a high cost of production. Therefore, replacing fishmeal with other efficient protein sources is crucial for aquatic farming, especially for carnivorous fish such as turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) which requires 50%-65% protein in diet (Lee et al, 2003;Cho et al, 2005;Espe et al, 2012;Kroeckel et al, 2012). So far, it is difficult to replace fishmeal at a high proportion in carnivorous fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palatability of water-soluble extracts of protein sources and replacement of fishmeal by a selected mixture of protein sources for juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Deng¹,

Mai

et al. 2016

J. Ocean Univ. China

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Poor palatability is a limiting factor for replacing fishmeal with other protein sources in aquaculture. The water-soluble molecules with low molecular weights are the major determinants of the palatability of diets. The present study was conducted to investigate the palatability of water-soluble extracts from single protein source (single extract pellets) and the mixture of these extracts with different proportions (blended extract pellets) in juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Then according to the palatability of blended extract pellets, an optimal mixture proportion was selected, and a new protein source made from raw protein materials with the selected proportion was formulated to replace fishmeal. Summarily, the palatability of single extract pellets for turbot was descendent from fishmeal to pet-food grade poultry by-product meal, wheat gluten meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, meat and bone meal, and corn gluten meal. Subsequently, according to the palatability of single extract pellets, 52 kinds of blended extract pellets were designed to test their palatability. The results showed that the pellets presented remarkably different palatability, and the optimal one was diet 52 (wheat gluten meal: pet-food grade poultry by-product meal: meat and bone meal: corn gluten meal = 1:6:1:2). The highest ingestion ratio (the number of pellets ingested/the number of pellets fed) was 0.73 ± 0.03, which was observed in Diet 52. Then five isonitrogenous (52% crude protein) and isocaloric (20 kJ g −1 gross energy) diets were formulated by replacing 0 (control), 35%, 50%, 65% and 80% of fishmeal with No.52 blending proportion. After a 10-weeks feeding trial, a consistent feed intake was found among all replacement treatments. Replacement level of fishmeal up to 35% did not significantly influence final body weight, specific growth rate, feed efficiency ratio, and protein efficiency ratio of turbot. Therefore, the water-soluble extracts of protein sources play an important role in improving the palatability of non-fishmeal protein sources in aquafeed.

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“…This was consistent when cobia were fed soybean meal (Chou et al, 2004;Zhou et al, 2005) and rapeseed meal (Luo et al, 2012). The reduced growth rates in cobia fed 315 g/kg LKM can be linked to the depression in FI as FI is directly related to weight gain (Espe, El-Mowafi, & Ruohonen, 2012). Therefore, it is essential to maintain an equal feed acceptability in order to evaluate the performance of the fishmeal-substituted diets (Espe et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feed Utilisation Efficiency of Lupin Inclusion in Cobia: Role of Dietary Organic Selenium Supplementation

Pham¹,

Fotedar²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2016

MAS

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The dietary selenium (Se) requirement has been determined for cobia Rachycentron canadum using purified diet; however, its role in the utilisation of plant-derived ingredients has not been evaluated in the species. Therefore, a 3 x 2 factorial experimental design involving three inclusion levels (0, 210 and 315 g/kg) of lupin Lupinus angustifolius kernel meal (LKM) and two concentrations (0 and 0.8 mg/kg) of Se was used to evaluate the effects of Se supplementation in conjunction with LKM on the growth, feed utilisation and physiological responses in the cobia. Six isonitrogenous (46.5 % crude protein) and isoenergetic (21 MJ/kg gross energy) diets were formulated and fed to cobia for 7 weeks in a flow-through seawater system. The results showed significant effects of Se supplementation and its interaction with dietary lupin on the growth and feed efficiency of cobia. Se supplementation significantly improved the growth and feed utilisation efficiency in cobia fed lupin-based diets. The nutrient digestibility of fish fed supplemental Se lupin-based diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed diets without Se supplementation at each inclusion level of LKM. There were no significant effects of dietary Se supplementation on the survival, muscle composition or muscle amino acids, whereas regression analysis indicated a positive linear relationship between tissue Se accumulation and dietary Se levels. An enhancement of haematological responses was also observed in cobia fed Se-supplemented diets. In summary, cobia fed lupin-based diets required higher dietary Se supplementation for higher feed utilisation efficiency than previously quantified for the casein-based diet.

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Replacement of Fishmeal with Plant Protein Ingredients in Diets to Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) – Effects on Weight Gain and Accretion

Cited by 10 publications

References 76 publications

Imbalanced lysine to arginine ratios reduced performance in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fed high plant protein diets

Imbalanced lysine to arginine ratios reduced performance in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fed high plant protein diets

Palatability of water-soluble extracts of protein sources and replacement of fishmeal by a selected mixture of protein sources for juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Feed Utilisation Efficiency of Lupin Inclusion in Cobia: Role of Dietary Organic Selenium Supplementation

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