Reply to Itaya et al

Winkler, Cheryl A.; An, Ping; Buchbinder, Susan; Donfield, Sharyne; Goedert, James J.; Johnson, Randall C.; Kirk, Gregory D.; Nelson, George W.; Yu, Xiao Fang

doi:10.1086/655228

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Other studies found no associations for infection or progression, but these were suffered from frailty bias which might have inflated type 2 errors. For example, one study used healthy controls and long-term non-progressors but not fast progressors [ 55 , 56 ], and the other study used a control group of HIV-1 negative MSM who were nearly a decade younger than infected cases[ 57 ]; given equal exposure time, many of the control group may have become infected. This study did show tendency to lower CD4+ T cell depletion with the A3B deletion during 88 day follow-up [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of APOBEC3F Gene Variation in HIV-1 Disease Progression and Pneumocystis Pneumonia

Penugonda

Thorball

et al. 2016

PLoS Genet

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Human APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases are intrinsic resistance factors to HIV-1. However, HIV-1 encodes a viral infectivity factor (Vif) that degrades APOBEC3 proteins. In vitro APOBEC3F (A3F) anti-HIV-1 activity is weaker than A3G but is partially resistant to Vif degradation unlike A3G. It is unknown whether A3F protein affects HIV-1 disease in vivo. To assess the effect of A3F gene on host susceptibility to HIV- acquisition and disease progression, we performed a genetic association study in six well-characterized HIV-1 natural cohorts. A common six-Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) haplotype of A3F tagged by a codon-changing variant (p. I231V, with allele (V) frequency of 48% in European Americans) was associated with significantly lower set-point viral load and slower rate of progression to AIDS (Relative Hazards (RH) = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.91) and delayed development of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) (RH = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.37–0.76). A validation study in the International Collaboration for the Genomics of HIV (ICGH) showed a consistent association with lower set-point viral load. An in vitro assay revealed that the A3F I231V variant may influence Vif mediated A3F degradation. Our results provide genetic epidemiological evidence that A3F modulates HIV-1/AIDS disease progression.

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