Reproductive decision‐making and the utilization of preimplantation genetic testing among individuals with inherited aortic or vascular disease

Abstract

Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT‐M) is a reproductive technology used in conjunction with in‐vitro fertilization (IVF) to reduce the risk of passing on a known genetic condition from parent to child. There is limited research describing the experience and emotional impact of PGT‐M among individuals with inherited aortic or vascular disease (IAVD). Our qualitative study aims to explore the factors that influence reproductive decision‐making and the uptake of PGT‐M within this population. Individuals diagnosed with IAVD who have considered PGT‐M, and/or their reproductive partner, were recruited using internal clinical databases and advocacy organizations. Virtual semi‐structured interviews were conducted using an interview guide that included questions related to participants' lived experience of their condition, risk perception, reproductive history, familiarity with PGT‐M/IVF, and financial/psychosocial considerations. A total of 17 interviews were completed (13 affected individuals, 4 unaffected partners) and analyzed using thematic analysis. Emergent themes included: (1) the lived experience and perceived severity of disease; (2) need for comprehensive, balanced, and timely information; (3) and impact of personal values and circumstances. When discussing the impact of lived experience on reproductive decision‐making, participants identified the physical and emotional impact of disease and variability of disease as factors influencing the uptake of PGT‐M. Many described PGT‐M as the only reproductive option presented to them by providers. Even so, participants expressed gaps in their understanding of PGT‐M, particularly regarding cost/insurance coverage and the experience of IVF. Finally, participants recognized that the decision to pursue PGT‐M primarily requires introspection and evaluation of one's values, but that cost remains a significant consideration. The findings from our study highlight the complexity of reproductive decision‐making for individuals with IAVD and provide insight into their psychological and informational needs when engaging in this process. Providers can use these findings to tailor their discussions about reproductive decision‐making with this patient cohort.