Requirements for Power Stations Islanding Automation

Ilyushin, Pavel; Pazderin, Andrey

doi:10.1109/icieam.2018.8728682

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The paper [31] presents a method of BESS sizing from the standpoint of power and energy intensity to ensure inertial response and primary frequency regulation in a power system with a large penetration of RES. The estimation of the rated power and energy capacity of the BESS is based on the characteristics that are associated with the frequency characteristic: the inertial constant and the power/frequency characteristic that measure the frequency characteristic in the grid immediately and during a shorter period of time following an imbalance of active power [44,45]. Thus, most power and energy capacity estimation models do not take into account battery aging predictions, meanwhile lifetime can vary significantly from the rated lifetime depending on the operating characteristics as well as idling conditions.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Power Grid Limitations Of The Bess Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they are mainly based on experimental data of the batteries thata re used in the operating ranges of portable devices and electric vehicles. Creating models for predicting battery life in a microgrid is a challenging task, since the stress factors in a microgrid are stochastic in nature and are often interrelated and, therefore, require different testing procedures for battery storage performance under given conditions [44].…”

Section: Consideration Of Stress Factors In Modeling the Battery Degr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Battery Energy Storage Systems Modeling in Microgrids with Renewables Considering Battery Degradation

et al. 2022

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The modeling of battery energy storage systems (BESS) remains poorly researched, especially in the case of taking into account the power loss due to degradation that occurs during operation in the power system with a large penetration of generation from renewables and stochastic load from electric vehicles (EV). Meanwhile, the lifetime varies considerably from the manufacturer’s claim due to different operating conditions, and also depends on the level of renewable energy sources (RES) penetration, cyclic operation, temperature, discharge/charge rate, and depth of discharge. Choosing a simplistic approach to the degradation model can lead to unreliable conclusions in choosing the best management strategy and significant investment and operating costs. Most existing BESS models in stationary applications either assume zero degradation costs for storage or simplify battery life to a linear function of depth of discharge (DOD), which can lead to additional error in estimating the cost of BESS degradation. The complexity of constructing a lifetime model of BESS is due to the presence of nonlinear degradation of BESS at the beginning and at the end of the lifetime, as well as the difficulty in obtaining a large amount of experimental data that are close to the real-world operating conditions for the construction of most models. This article analyzes the features of BESS that are specific to their operation in microgrids in terms of the influence of the main stress factors on the degree of BESS degradation. This study also provides a review of existing models for assessing battery degradation.

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Section: Limitations Of the Power Grid Limitations Of The Bess Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consideration Of Stress Factors In Modeling the Battery Degr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Battery Energy Storage Systems Modeling in Microgrids with Renewables Considering Battery Degradation

et al. 2022

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“…They are also easy to maintain and repair and have lower infrastructure requirements, although a smaller resource either. Shafts of GTUs with FPT have a variable number of revolutions in a range of 6-14 thousand rpm [20].…”

Section: Fundamental Design Features Of Gas-turbine Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consideration of Distinguishing Design Features of Gas-Turbine and Gas-Reciprocating Units in Design of Emergency Control Systems

et al. 2021

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Modern gas-turbine units (GTUs) and gas-reciprocating units (GRUs) have found a wide use at power plants, including distributed generation facilities, running on gaseous fuel. The design features of these generating units have a considerable effect on the nature and parameters of transient processes due to emergency disturbances in the adjacent network. The study shows that single-shaft gas-turbine and gas-reciprocating units do not allow even short-term considerable frequency drops. These schemes and operating conditions arise due to emergency active power shortages when the connection between the power plant and the power system weakens due to repair conditions or islanded operation. The paper presents the results of transient process calculations for operating power plants (distributed generation facilities), which make it possible to identify the unfavorable properties of GTUs and GRUs. The results show that two-shaft (three-shaft) GTUs and GRUs can switch to out-of-step conditions even when short-circuits in the adjacent network are cleared with high-speed relay protection devices. The features of out-of-step conditions and the admissibility of their short-term duration for the spontaneous restoration of generators’ synchronization are considered. The findings suggest that considering the fundamental design features of generating units provides informed technical decisions on equipping power plants (distributed generation (DG) facilities) and the adjacent network with efficient emergency control systems.

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“…The qualitative change in the role of the end users of electricity has led to the emergence of a new entity in the retail electricity market who is interested in the development of microgrid technologies [27]. However, the creation of microgrids raises issues regarding the implementation of optimal economic regulation of consumers/prosumers within a microgrid, between adjacent microgrids, and between microgrids and the distribution network [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to Building AC and AC–DC Microgrids on Top of Existing Passive Distribution Networks

et al. 2023

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The process of building microgrids on top of existing passive distribution networks warrants a multi-criteria analysis. Besides the calculation of the investment outlays needed for the modernization of distribution networks, such an analysis covers an assessment of the technological and economic effects of building microgrids. The resulting effects depend on the topology and configuration of distribution networks, specific microgrid features, the choice of the current type for the entire microgrid or its individual parts, the methods of connecting distributed energy resources (DERs), the availability and maturity of information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure, and other factors. Comprehensive input data allow for designing an optimal microgrid configuration, but the main technological and economic effects are determined by the algorithms of operation and the parameter settings of the automatic control system (ACS) and the protection system. The known approaches to designing microgrids focus on addressing basic tasks while minimizing the investment required for their implementation. The above is fully justified when constructing new microgrids, but building microgrids on top of existing distribution networks, given the uniqueness of their topology and configuration, does not allow the use of standardized solutions. The development of approaches to the design of microgrids under such constraints, with minimized investment in the modernization of existing distribution networks, is an urgent task. The use of different types of current for individual microgrid segments determines the choice of the particular ACS and protection system, which depends on the availability of information and communications technology infrastructure. This article contributes a review of approaches to designing AC and AC–DC microgrids so as to maximize their technological and economic effects. We review techniques for analyzing the existing distribution networks aimed at choosing the type of current for the entire microgrid or its individual parts, the optimal points for the connection of microgrids to distribution networks, and the mix and capacity of DERs, with such choices informed by the conditions of the switching devices and information and communications technology infrastructure. This article presents the results of the analysis of approaches to choosing the optimal configuration of microgrids, microgrid ACS, and protection system, with an evaluation of the technological and economic effects subject to the minimization of investment in the modernization of the existing distribution networks.

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Requirements for Power Stations Islanding Automation

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Review of Battery Energy Storage Systems Modeling in Microgrids with Renewables Considering Battery Degradation

Review of Battery Energy Storage Systems Modeling in Microgrids with Renewables Considering Battery Degradation

Consideration of Distinguishing Design Features of Gas-Turbine and Gas-Reciprocating Units in Design of Emergency Control Systems

Approaches to Building AC and AC–DC Microgrids on Top of Existing Passive Distribution Networks

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