Research Article Genetic divergence among inbred onion lines and correlation with heterosis and combining ability

Faria, Marcos Ventura; Zaluski, Welton Luiz; Rosa, Jocimar Costa; Rossi, Evandrei Santos; Resende, Juliano Tadeu Vilela de; Kobori, Rômulo Fujito; Santos, Rui; Silva, Paulo Roberto da

doi:10.4238/gmr18316

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These findings agreed with what was reported in other studies in tomato, potato, sweet pepper, onion and sesame (Buso et al, 2003;Figueiredo et al, 2016;Li et al, 2022;Geleta et al, 2004;Shapturenko et al, 2013;Shapturenko et al, 2014;Pandey et al, 2018;Faria et al, 2019).…”

Section: Heterosis and The Starting Point Of Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 93%

Heterosis in horticultural crop breeding: combining old theoretical bases with modern genomic views

Farinati,

Scariolo,

Palumbo

et al. 2023

Front. Hortic.

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Heterosis in plants has been among the challenging topics for plant scientists worldwide. The production of F1 hybrid varieties of seed-propagated horticultural species is one of the most successful applications of plant breeding techniques. The exploitation of the heterosis phenomenon promotes homogeneity and maximizes crop yields and is a way for breeders to legally control and protect their commercial products. In the past heterosis has been largely studied and explored in cereal crop systems, considering maize as a model for understanding the genetic bases of this phenomenon. To date, crossbreeding in horticultural vegetables has also rapidly progressed. F1 hybrid varieties are available for many horticultural crops, including both allogamous and autogamous species. Several genetic and nongenetic mechanisms have been applied to facilitate the large-scale production of F1 hybrid seeds in vegetable crops to prevent undesirable selfing. Although the development and commercialization of F1 hybrids is currently common in agriculture, this phenomenon is still being investigated at different levels. With the rapid accumulation of knowledge on plant genome structures and gene activities and the advancement of new genomics platforms and methodologies, significant progress has been achieved in recent years in the study of the genetic and molecular bases of heterosis. This paper provides a brief overview of current theoretical advances and practical predictions of the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis in plants. The aim is to carefully summarize the fundamental mechanisms of heterosis in plants, focusing on horticultural plant breeding, to improve the existing knowledge in this research area. We describe the quantitative genetic model of phenotypic variation and combine evolutionary, phenotypic and molecular genetic views to explain the origin and manifestation of heterosis and its significance for breeding F1 hybrid varieties in horticultural crops. The principles of genomic prediction and its applications in genomic selection are then covered.

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Section: Heterosis and The Starting Point Of Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 93%

Heterosis in horticultural crop breeding: combining old theoretical bases with modern genomic views

Farinati,

Scariolo,

Palumbo

et al. 2023

Front. Hortic.

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“…Genetic basis of flavonoids was not studied previously, however heterotic value for bioactive compounds including total flavonoids was found lower in onion by Faria et al ., [ 43 ]. We observed positively significant average heterosis percentage and negatively significant heterobeltiosis for maximum number of cross combinations for total phenolic content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical profiling of elite onion germplasm and breeding hybrids with improved nutraceutical quality

et al. 2022

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Onion (Allium cepa L) is a major reservoir of important nutraceutical ingredients. Herein, nutraceutical profiling of elite germplasm was assessed and hybrids with improved nutraceutical quality were selected. The nutraceutical components were screened through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis (scan range 4000-400cm-1) followed by spectrophotometric/colorimetric quantification in oven dried bulb samples. Line × Tester (L×T) analysis was used to identify potential hybrids with better nutraceutical quality. Based on common functional groups obtained from FTIR analysis, as well as bulb color, the onion genotypes were categorized into six groups viz., white, yellowish brown, light brown, dark brown, brown and purplish brown. Results indicated that the purplish brown, yellowish brown and dark brown genotypes had maximum concentration of pyruvic acid, total flavonoids and total phenolic content, while vitamin C content showed weak association with color pigmentation. The onion variety ‘Onion Swat’ contained the highest level of pyruvic acid (17.18 μM) and ‘MKS8823GO’ had the highest vitamin C content (13.83mg/100mL). The L×T analysis revealed that out of 35 crosses, ‘MKS-77127 × Onion Swat’ and ‘MKS-77127 × MKS777’ were the best hybrids with improved nutraceutical quality. Further, observations for specific combining ability, general combining ability, genetic versus environmental variance, heritability and heterosis indicated that the studied parameters were genetically inherited and could be improved significantly by adopting an appropriate breeding strategy.

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“…This was based on the recent studies on the effect of various pathogens on changes in the expression level of genes involved in defense against FOC. The sequences related to the target genes in onion plants were extracted from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, and the primers were designed using Oligo (v. 7, Oligo, United States) software (Table 1) (Faria et al, 2019).…”

Section: Primer Designingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative proteomic expression profiling associations with resistance to onion-Fusarium basal rot

Poursakhi,

Asadi-Gharneh,

Esfahani

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Fusarium basal rot (FBR) is a serious disease of onion that causes significant losses globally. There are several control measures, of which planting of resistant FBR-cultivars is the most advantageous control option. Thus, to elucidate the involving mechanisms to FBR infection, we consequently carried out quantification changes in antioxidant enzymes activity including ROS (reactive oxygen species); superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT) in two resistant onion genotypes ‘Saba’ and ‘Saba – HS’; and susceptible ‘Savannah Sweet’ and ‘Golden eye’ following inoculation with FBR agent. As a complimentary to the related antioxidant enzymes, we also characterized the critical transcription factors (TFs); R1, R5 and RGA29 marker genes using qRT-PCR involved in endowing resistance at three time course/week post inoculation (wpi). Additionally, we analyzed the changes in biomass growth parameters (BGPs) accordingly. The results showed that the lowest disease severity percentage (DSP) was in resistant ‘Saba’ and ‘Saba – HS’ (6.7 and 4.7 %), and the highest ones in susceptible ‘Savannah Sweet’ and ‘Golden eye’ (88.9 and 89.6%), respectively. There was also a significant increase in CAT, POX, and SOD activities in resistant genotypes. The highest CAT activity was recorded in resistant ‘Saba’- 4.91, and Saba-HS - 3.75 fold, followed by the same trend relatively for POX (‘Saba’- 3.53 and ‘Saba-HS’- 2.35 fold); and SOD (‘Saba’ 14.46 -fold and ‘Saba-HS’ 12.95 –fold) significantly. It was also found that FOC could up-regulate the defense marker genes; R1, PR5, and RGA29 expression in resistant '‘Saba’' and ‘Saba’-HS ranging from 1.23 to 5.01-fold. The highest regulation was in PR5-5.01 fold followed by R1-4.78; and RGA29-3.83-fold, respectively. In addition, BGPs displayed almost similar trends as was in enzyme and gene expression accordingly. These findings lead to introduction of newly FBR-resistant onion genotypes, and also can be implicated in integrated pest management planning programs against FBR disease. Cumulatively, the proteomic-transcriptomic-data provide novel-insights for improving onion-breeding programs against FBR disease.

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Research Article Genetic divergence among inbred onion lines and correlation with heterosis and combining ability

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Heterosis in horticultural crop breeding: combining old theoretical bases with modern genomic views

Heterosis in horticultural crop breeding: combining old theoretical bases with modern genomic views

Nutraceutical profiling of elite onion germplasm and breeding hybrids with improved nutraceutical quality

Comparative proteomic expression profiling associations with resistance to onion-Fusarium basal rot

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