Research on Evolution Characteristics and Factors of Nordic Green Patent Citation Network

Abstract

Dealing with the environmental and climate risks caused by global warming has become a global consensus. As a sensitive area with particularly fragile ecological environment, the Nordic countries took the lead in making the commitment of “carbon neutrality” by the middle of this century. The green industry will play an important role during this process. Based on the patent data related to the green industry in Nordic countries, this paper studies the evolution characteristics and dynamic changes of influencing factors of patent citation network from 1980 to 2019 by using the social network analysis method and exponential random graph model. The research results show that: Nordic green technologies have gradually changed from passive development to active innovation from the source, and gradually diversified and subdivided in the development process; the connectivity and transitivity of the patent citation network are good and relatively stable in the evolution process; the connections of Nordic countries with non-Nordic countries are strong and gradually spread to distant regions; the awareness of patent property rights protection has gradually increased, and industry and academia are increasingly integrated, which all promote the formation of patent citation relationship.